English Reference
Noun

polymerase

n.
C1 Advanced US /ˈpɑˌɫɪmɝˌeɪs/ poly·merase

n.a special type of enzyme that helps copy DNA or RNA. It builds long chains of molecules by adding one piece at a time.

n.an enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of DNA or RNA by adding nucleotide subunits to a growing chain. It plays a central role in DNA replication and transcription.


SIMPLE

The polymerase copies the DNA strand during cell division.

CONTEXTUAL

During the polymerase chain reaction, the enzyme amplifies a specific DNA sequence by doubling it many times.

COMPLEX

The fidelity of the polymerase determines the accuracy of genetic information passed from one generation to the next, as it corrects errors during the replication process.

One of those nanoscale machines, called eukaryotic RNA polymerase II, performs a crucial early step required by nearly every biological process.

Phys.org· 20 Aug 2026

To prepare mRNA from a DNA template, scientists use a protein called RNA polymerase that tends to make a small amount of side product called double-stranded RNA .

The Conversation· 6 Aug 2026

From polymer + -ase.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Occasional
Updated