Word
prove
US/ˈpɹuv/
UK/pɹˈuːv/
Irregular verb
Forms
Infinitive
prove
Past
proved
Past participle
proven / proved
Definitions
01to show truth
B1 · Intermediate
v. to show that something is definitely true by using facts or evidence.
v. to demonstrate the truth or existence of something by evidence or argument. Transitive — requires a direct object.
“The police had enough evidence to prove that he was at the scene.”
“The researchers published a peer-reviewed paper to prove their hypothesis regarding the long-term effects of the new medication.”
Pitfall
He proved me that I was wrong.
He proved to me that I was wrong.
When you prove something to a person, you must use the preposition 'to' before the person.
Synonyms
02to turn out to be
B2 · Upper Intermediate
v. to show a particular quality or result after some time.
v. to manifest a particular quality or result over time. Often functions as a copular verb followed by an adjective or 'to be'.
“The new task proved to be much more difficult than we first thought.”
“Initial skepticism regarding the merger proved unfounded as the company's stock price climbed steadily throughout the following quarter.”
03to test or verify
C1 · Advanced Law Formal
v. to test something to see if it is good, strong, or works correctly.
v. to put to the test or make trial of; to establish the validity or technical genuineness of something.
“The lawyer had to prove the will in court before the family could inherit the money.”
“Before the new artillery could be deployed, each unit had to be proved under extreme pressure to ensure structural integrity.”
04dough rising
B2 · Upper Intermediate Cooking
v. to leave dough in a warm place so it gets bigger before baking.
v. to allow dough to rise by the action of yeast; to test the activity of yeast before mixing.
“You should prove the dough for an hour until it has doubled in size.”
“If you fail to prove the bread sufficiently, the final loaf will be dense and lack the desired airy texture.”
Usage
Often spelled 'proof' in American English, but 'prove' is common in British English.
Synonyms
05printing a trial
C2 · Proficiency Printing Technical
v. to print a trial copy of something to check for mistakes.
v. to take a trial impression of type or a plate for the purpose of making corrections.
“The editor asked the printer to prove the final pages before the main run.”
“The lithographer carefully proved the plate to ensure the colors were aligned perfectly before starting the full production cycle.”
06the rising process
C1 · Advanced Uncountable noun Cooking Technical
n. the time or process of letting bread dough rise.
n. the stage in bread baking where the shaped dough is left to rise before entering the oven.
“The bread needs a long, slow prove in the fridge to develop more flavor.”
“During the final prove, the baker monitored the ambient temperature closely to prevent the yeast from over-fermenting.”
Synonyms
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “prove” in context.
Verb
01. prove effective
“Simple home remedies often prove effective for minor ailments.”
verb + adj
02. prove popular
“The new park proved popular with local families during the summer.”
verb + adj
03. prove successful
“The new marketing strategy proved successful within just three months.”
verb + adj
04. seek to prove
“The prosecution will seek to prove that the defendant acted with intent.”
verb + inf
Adjective
05. difficult to prove
“The allegations were very difficult to prove in a court of law.”
adj + inf
06. impossible to prove
“Without physical evidence, the theory is almost impossible to prove.”
adj + inf
Noun
07. prove innocence
“He spent years fighting the legal system to prove his innocence.”
verb + noun
08. prove point
“She didn't need to say anything more; she had already proved her point.”
verb + noun
09. prove theory
“Researchers conducted several experiments to prove their theory.”
verb + noun
10. prove a point
“He only went on the hike to prove a point to his friends.”
11. prove beyond reasonable doubt
“The jury must be convinced that the crime was proved beyond reasonable doubt.”
12. prove to be true
“Everything he predicted eventually proved to be true.”
Etymology
From Middle English proven, from Old English prōfian (“to esteem, regard as, evince, try, prove”) and Old French prover (“to prove”), both from Latin probō (“test, try, examine, approve, show to be good or fit, prove”, verb), from probus (“good, worthy, excellent”), from Proto-Indo-European pro-bʰuH-s (“being in front, prominent”), from pro-, per- (“toward”) + bʰuH- (“to be”). Displaced native Middle English sothen (“to prove”), from Old English sōþian (“to prove”). Doublet of probe. More at for, be, soothe.
Simple past form of proove, conjugated as a Germanic strong verb, on the pattern of choose → chose.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
VERB
ADJECTIVE
Related words
Idioms
01. fend and prove
Domain
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
- Frequency
- Common
- Level
- B1 · IntermediateOxford
- Updated
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