English Reference

Word

proxy

US/ˈpɹɑksi/

UK/pɹˈɒksi/

Definitions

01a person acting for another

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Law Formal

n. a person who has the authority to represent or vote for someone else.

n. an agent or substitute authorized to act on behalf of another person, particularly in voting or legal contexts.

“Since I couldn't attend the meeting, I asked my colleague to act as my proxy.”

“The shareholder appointed a proxy to cast her votes during the annual general meeting, ensuring her interests were represented despite her absence.”

Usage

Often used in the phrase 'by proxy'.

02computing intermediary

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Computing Technical

n. a server that sits between your computer and the internet to improve security or speed.

n. a server or software application that acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers.

“The company uses a proxy to block dangerous websites and protect the office network.”

“Configuring a transparent proxy allowed the IT department to cache frequently accessed content, significantly reducing external bandwidth consumption.”

03indirect measurement

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Science Academic

n. something used to represent or measure a different value that is hard to find directly.

n. a variable or measurement used as a substitute for another quantity with which it is correlated but which cannot be measured directly.

“Scientists use tree rings as a proxy for temperature changes in the distant past.”

“In the absence of reliable census data, researchers used electricity consumption as a proxy for the economic growth of the region.”

Synonyms

indicatormetricstand-in

04proximity mine

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Slang · Informal

n. a type of explosive mine that goes off when someone gets close to it.

n. a clipping of 'proximity mine', referring to an explosive device triggered by the presence of a nearby object.

“Watch out for that proxy hidden behind the door in the game.”

“The player strategically placed a proxy near the objective to deter the enemy team from capturing it.”

Teaching tip

This sense is specific to gaming communities and military contexts; it is not used in general business or academic English.

Synonyms

05to act as a substitute

C1 · Advanced Computing Technical

v. to perform a task or handle a request on behalf of someone or something else.

v. to serve as a proxy for a person or to function as an intermediary server for a client device.

“The system is designed to proxy all web traffic through a secure filter.”

“The application was configured to proxy requests to the backend API, effectively hiding the internal server architecture from the public internet.”

Real-World Examples

“The team used searches for physics concepts as a proxy for learning-related information-seeking.”
Phys.org 17 Aug 2026
“Attacks by Iran and its proxies, often using aerial drones, have created widespread, lasting damage to Middle East energy infrastructure.”
The Conversation 4 Aug 2026

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English procucie, contraction of procuracie, from Anglo-Norman procuracie, from Medieval Latin procuratia, from Latin prōcūrātiō, from Latin prōcūrō (“I manage, administer”) (English procure). Compare proctor.

proximity + -y.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domain

Programming

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/proxy

English Reference