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response

n.
US //ɹiˈspɑns// UK //ɹɪspˈɒns// re·sponse
  1. 1 an answer (n.)
    A2 Elementary

    a spoken or written answer to a question, letter, or email.

    a verbal or written reply to a communication or query.

    Example

    I sent her an email yesterday but I haven't received a response yet.

    Example

    The department head provided a detailed response to the proposal, addressing each of the budgetary concerns raised during the meeting.

    Usage

    Commonly followed by the preposition 'to'.

    Pitfall
    I am waiting for a response of my email.
    I am waiting for a response to my email.

    Use the preposition 'to' after response when identifying what is being answered.

  2. 2 a reaction (n.)
    B1 Intermediate

    a reaction to something that happens or a feeling caused by something.

    a physiological, emotional, or behavioral reaction to a specific stimulus or event.

    Example

    The crowd's response to the goal was a loud cheer.

    Example

    The body's immune response can sometimes be triggered by harmless substances, leading to what we commonly call an allergy.

    Usage

    Often used with adjectives like 'positive', 'negative', 'immediate', or 'emotional'.

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  1. 3 religious service (n.)
    C2 Proficiency Formal Religion

    a short sentence or phrase said by the people in a church service after the priest speaks.

    a liturgical answer or phrase spoken or sung by a congregation in reply to a celebrant.

    Example

    The congregation spoke the traditional response after the opening prayer.

    Example

    The choir performed a complex polyphonic response that echoed through the cathedral during the evening service.

    Teacher's tip

    This is a specialized sense used almost exclusively in the context of formal religious liturgy.

Origin

From Middle English respounse, respons, from Old French respons, respuns, responce, ultimately from the Latin respōnsum, a nominal use of the neuter form of respōnsus, the perfect passive participle of respondeō, from re (“again”) + spondeō (“promise”). Doublet of responsum.

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