English Reference
adjective

sympathetic

adj.
US /ˌsɪmpəˈθɛtɪk/ UK /sˌɪmpəθˈɛtɪk/ sym·pa·thet·ic

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    showing that you understand and care about someone else's suffering or problems.

    feeling, showing, or expressing empathy and sorrow for another's misfortune.

    Simple

    My boss was very sympathetic when I explained that my car had broken down.

    In context

    The nurse offered a sympathetic ear to the patient, listening patiently as he described his anxieties about the upcoming surgery.

    Pitfall
    He is very sympathetic; he always has a good time. He is very likeable; he always has a good time.

    In many languages, 'sympathetic' means 'nice' or 'likeable'. In English, it specifically means you feel sorry for someone's problems.

    unsympatheticcallousindifferent
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    agreeing with or supporting a particular aim, idea, or person.

    showing approval of or favour towards an idea, cause, or individual.

    Simple

    The local council is sympathetic to our plan to build a new park.

    In context

    Although the senator was sympathetic to the environmental cause, she ultimately voted against the bill due to its high cost.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Literary

    describing a character in a book or film that you like and want to succeed.

    evoking pity or liking in an audience; used especially of fictional characters.

    Simple

    The villain was actually a sympathetic character with a very sad past.

    In context

    The author struggled to make the protagonist sympathetic, as his early actions in the novel were largely driven by greed.

  4. 04 C2 Proficiency Technical Medicine

    relating to the part of the nervous system that helps the body react to stress or danger.

    relating to the part of the autonomic nervous system that typically accelerates heart rate and prepares the body for 'fight or flight'.

    Simple

    The sympathetic nervous system makes your heart beat faster when you are scared.

    In context

    The drug works by inhibiting the sympathetic response, thereby lowering the patient's blood pressure during periods of acute stress.

    Usage

    Usually precedes the noun 'nervous system'.

    parasympathetic
  5. 05 C2 Proficiency Technical Music

    describing a sound or vibration caused by another sound nearby.

    relating to or produced by vibrations in one body caused by similar vibrations in another.

    Simple

    When she hit the low note on the piano, I heard a sympathetic vibration from the guitar.

    In context

    The sitar features several sympathetic strings that are never plucked but vibrate in response to the primary melody strings.

Don't confuse

sympathetic vs empathetic — Sympathetic means you feel pity for someone's hardship; empathetic means you actually share and understand their internal feelings.

Don't confuse

sympathetic vs nice — Sympathetic describes a specific emotional response to another person's suffering, while nice describes a general pleasantness or agreeable character.

The Scottish government says it is sympathetic to Erin's campaign and will shortly outline a review of fertility services.

BBC News· 17 Aug 2026

What’s more, a fair number of Germans were sympathetic to the British cause or at least unsympathetic to the American one.

Smithsonian Magazine· 13 Aug 2026

Mid 17th century in the sense “relating to an affinity or paranormal influence”, from Latin sympathēticus. By surface analysis, sympathy + -etic (“pertaining to”); compare pathetic. Displaced native Old English efnþrōwiende.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin sympathēticus
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated