English Reference

Word

tense

US/ˈtɛns/

UK/tˈɛns/

Definitions

01nervous or worried

B1 · Intermediate

adj. feeling nervous, worried, or unable to relax.

adj. manifesting psychological stress or emotional strain; characterized by a lack of relaxation.

“The atmosphere in the office was very tense before the big meeting.”

“The negotiators remained tense throughout the night, aware that a single misunderstanding could collapse the entire peace process.”

Antonyms

02tight or stiff

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. stretched tight or stiff, like a rope or a muscle.

adj. stretched tight or rigid; lacking slack or flexibility.

“His neck muscles were tense after sitting at the computer all day.”

“The sailor ensured the rope was tense before securing it to the dock, preventing the boat from drifting with the tide.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

03grammar time

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun Education Technical

n. the form of a verb that shows when an action happened, such as the past, present, or future.

n. a grammatical category that locates a situation in time, typically indicated by verbal inflection or auxiliary forms.

“In English, we use the past tense to talk about things that finished yesterday.”

“The student struggled to distinguish between the present perfect and the past simple tense during the advanced grammar workshop.”

Synonyms

04to tighten

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to make your muscles tight or to become tight.

v. to make or become tense or stretched; often used reflexively regarding musculature.

“You might tense your shoulders when you are feeling stressed.”

“The athlete's muscles began to tense as she waited for the starting pistol to signal the beginning of the race.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

Real-World Examples

“On his view, it is possible to make the same claim, true under the same condition, using sentences with different tense marking.”
Springer Nature Link 3 Feb 2026

Etymology

From Middle English tens, from Old French tens (modern French temps), from Latin tempus. Doublet of tempo and tempus.

Borrowed from Latin tēnsus, one form of the past participle of tendō (“stretch”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Synonyms

Antonyms

Word family

ADJECTIVE

tense(B1)

Related words

Domains

GrammarLinguistics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B1 · Intermediate
Updated

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English Reference