English Reference
adjective · noun

affluent

adj. · n.
US /ˈæfɫuənt/ UK /ˈæfluːənt/ af·flu·ent UK spelling affluents

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal

    adj.having a lot of money and owning many expensive things.

    adj.possessing a great deal of money; wealthy and enjoying a high standard of living.

    Simple

    The family moved to an affluent neighborhood with large houses and private schools.

    In context

    The rise of the tech industry has transformed the once-modest suburb into one of the most affluent districts in the country.

    Usage

    Typically used to describe groups, areas, or lifestyles rather than just a single person's bank balance.

    Teacher's tip

    While 'rich' can be blunt, 'affluent' is a more polite and formal way to describe wealth in a sociological or economic context.

  2. 02 C2 Proficiency Technical Science

    n.a small river or stream that flows into a larger one.

    n.a stream or river that flows into a larger body of water; a tributary.

    Simple

    The main river is fed by several small affluents coming from the mountains.

    In context

    Hydrologists mapped the various affluents to determine the source of the chemical runoff entering the main lake.

    Usage

    Used as a countable noun in geography and hydrology.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is rare in general conversation; students will mostly encounter it in academic geography texts.

    distributary

They then compared their findings with those from children who had lived affluent, nonworking lives in Delft.

Phys.org· 29 Aug 2026

Until he moves into an apartment in the affluent Gulshan area of Dhaka, Dooley is living at a hotel.

The Guardian· 25 Aug 2026

Borrowed from Middle French affluent, borrowed in turn from Latin affluentem, accusative singular of affluēns, present active participle of affluō (“flow to or towards; overflow with”), from ad (“to, towards”) + fluō (“flow”) (cognate via latter to fluid, flow). Sense of “wealthy” (plentiful flow of goods) c. 1600, which also led to nominalization affluence.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin affluentem
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated