English Reference
adjective · noun

poor

adj. · n.
US /ˈpuɹ/ UK /pˈɔː/ poor

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    adj.having very little money or few possessions.

    adj.lacking sufficient money or possessions to live at a standard considered comfortable or normal in a society.

    Simple

    The charity provides food and clothing for poor families in the city.

    In context

    The government introduced new subsidies to support poor households struggling with the rising costs of heating and electricity.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    adj.not good; of a low standard.

    adj.of a low standard or inferior quality; lacking in skill or ability.

    Simple

    He failed the exam because of his poor study habits.

    In context

    The bridge was closed indefinitely after engineers discovered it had been constructed with poor materials that were now failing.

  3. 03 B1 Intermediate

    adj.used to show you feel sorry for someone.

    adj.deserving of pity or sympathy; used to express compassion for someone's misfortune.

    Simple

    That poor dog has been waiting in the rain for hours.

    In context

    The poor man lost everything in the fire, leaving him with nothing but the clothes he was wearing at the time.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.not having enough of a particular thing, like nutrients or information.

    adj.deficient in a specific substance, quality, or ingredient.

    Simple

    The soil in this area is very poor in minerals, so plants don't grow well.

    In context

    The report was criticised for being poor in detail, failing to provide the specific data points required for a thorough analysis.

  5. 05 B1 Intermediate

    n.people who have very little money, when talked about as a group.

    n.a collective noun referring to people who live in poverty. Always used with the definite article 'the'.

    Simple

    The new law aims to provide better healthcare for the poor.

    In context

    The gap between the rich and the poor has widened significantly over the last decade, leading to increased social tension.

    Pitfall
    He wants to help the poors. He wants to help the poor.

    When 'poor' is used as a noun for a group of people, it is always 'the poor' and never takes an 's'.

    the needythe impoverished
    the richthe wealthy

Usage poor conditions · poor health · poor quality


Inherited from Middle English povre, povere, from Old French (and Anglo-Norman) povre, poure, from Latin pauper, from Old Latin pavo-pars (literally “getting little”), from Proto-Indo-European peh₂w- (“few, small”). Doublet of pauper. Displaced native arm, wantsome, Middle English unlede (“poor”) (from Old English unlǣde), Middle English unweli, unwely (“poor, unwealthy”) (from Old English un- + weliġ (“well-to-do, prosperous, rich”)).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *peh₂w-
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated