English Reference

Word

anatomy

Phoneticsanato·my

US/əˈnætəmi/

UK/ɐnˈætəmi/

Definitions

01scientific study

B2 · Science

n. the scientific study of the physical structure of animals, plants, or humans.

n. the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection.

“In the first year of medical school, students spend many hours studying human anatomy.”

“The professor emphasized that a profound understanding of comparative anatomy is essential for identifying evolutionary links between disparate species.”

Usage

Often used as an uncountable noun when referring to the field of study.

Antonyms

02physical structure

B2

n. the way a body or a part of a body is put together.

n. the physical structure or organization of a specific organism or one of its parts.

“The unique anatomy of a bird's wing allows it to fly long distances.”

“Researchers are investigating how the unique anatomy of the deep-sea squid allows it to withstand immense pressure without collapsing.”

03detailed analysis

C1

n. a careful and detailed examination of how something is organized or how it works.

n. a detailed examination or analysis of the internal workings or structure of a complex, often non-physical, subject.

“The journalist wrote a brilliant anatomy of the political scandal.”

“Her latest book provides a clinical anatomy of the financial crisis, tracing the collapse from the initial housing bubble to the global recession.”

Academic · Formal

Teaching tip

This sense is metaphorical; it treats a social or political event as if it were a body being dissected for study.

04the human body

C2

n. a person's physical body.

n. the physical form or body of an individual, sometimes used as a humorous or polite way to refer to specific body parts.

“He was quite proud of his muscular anatomy after months at the gym.”

“The comedian made several self-deprecating jokes about his own aging anatomy and his inability to touch his toes anymore.”

Humorous · Informal

Real-World Examples

“The scientists examined the anatomy of the wood formed during this straightening movement.”
Phys.org · 2 Sept 2026
“The surgeons operated on Hibbert using new AI technology which helps to identify tiny anatomy in the brain by colour-coding important structures to help surgeons recognise them safely.”
The Guardian · 26 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English anatomie, from Old French anatomie, from Latin anatomia, from Ancient Greek ἀνατομία (anatomía), from ἀνατομή (anatomḗ, “dissection”, literally “cutting up”), from ἀνά (aná, “up”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut, incise”). By surface analysis, ana- + -tomy. Doublet of ottomy.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

anatomicalAdjectiveanatomyNoun

The word in film

Poster for Anatomy of a Murder

Poster: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

Anatomy of a Murder · 1959 · Crime

Directed by:
Otto Preminger
Starring:
James Stewart, Duke Ellington, George C. Scott

Otto Preminger directs this courtroom thriller starring James Stewart as a small-town defense attorney representing an army lieutenant accused of killing an innkeeper. The title uses the word in its analytical sense, meticulously dissecting the legal mechanics, forensic evidence, and human motives of a homicide trial.

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference