English Reference
noun

colony

n.
US /ˈkɑɫəni/ UK /kˈɒləni/ colony UK spelling Colonies, colony's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a country or area that is ruled by another, more powerful country.

    a territory under the political control of a distant state, often established for resource extraction or strategic settlement.

    Simple

    In the 18th century, America was still a British colony.

    In context

    The administration of the colony was managed by a governor appointed directly by the crown to oversee trade and taxation.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Biology

    a group of animals or plants of the same type that live together.

    a population of organisms of the same species living in close physical association, often functioning as a single unit.

    Simple

    The researchers found a large colony of ants living under the old tree.

    In context

    Marine biologists observed that the coral colony was beginning to recover after several years of strictly enforced environmental protections.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Dialect

    a name for a specific neighbourhood or a group of apartment buildings.

    a residential district, housing estate, or neighbourhood.

    Simple

    He lives in a quiet colony near the city centre.

    In context

    The new housing colony was designed with integrated parks and local shops to serve the growing middle-class population.

    Usage

    Commonly used in Indian English to refer to residential areas.

    Teacher's tip

    In Indian English, this is a standard way to describe a residential area; however, in British or American English, it might sound like a historical or biological term.

New UC Riverside research shows their behavior changes as chemicals make their way through a colony.

Phys.org· 17 Aug 2026

A Mars colony would need people to build it.

ScienceDaily· 7 Aug 2026

From Middle English colane, colonye, from Latin colōnia (“colony”), from colōnus (“farmer; colonist”), from colō (“till, cultivate, worship”), from earlier quelō, from Proto-Indo-European kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”). Doublet of Cologne, Colonia, and Köln.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *kʷel-
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated