English Reference

Word

cluster

Phoneticsclus·ter, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈkɫəstɝ/

UK/klˈʌstɐ/

Definitions

01a small group

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a group of similar things or people positioned closely together.

n. a number of similar things or people growing or grouped together in a compact way.

“A small cluster of fans waited outside the hotel to see the singer.”

“The researchers identified a cluster of rare plants growing near the riverbank, suggesting a unique microclimate in that specific area.”

Synonyms

02data or science

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Science Technical

n. a group of stars, data points, or cases of a disease that appear close together.

n. a statistically significant grouping of data points, celestial bodies, or medical cases within a specific area or timeframe.

“The telescope revealed a bright cluster of stars in the center of the galaxy.”

“Health officials investigated a cluster of respiratory infections reported within the same three-block radius over the last fortnight.”

Synonyms

03a chaotic mess

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Slang · Informal

n. a situation where everything goes wrong or is very messy.

n. a chaotic or poorly managed situation; often used as a polite shortening of a more vulgar term.

“The morning commute was a total cluster because of the broken train.”

“The product launch turned into a complete cluster when the servers crashed and the marketing team lost access to their accounts.”

Usage

Often used in professional environments to avoid using the full vulgar expression 'clusterfuck'.

Antonyms

04to gather together

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to form a group or to move close together.

v. to gather or grow into a cluster; to position objects or data into discrete groups.

“The children clustered around the teacher to hear the story.”

“The cottages were clustered at the foot of the hill, protected from the harsh winds blowing off the Atlantic.”

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “cluster” in context.

Verb

01. cluster together

“The sheep clustered together to stay warm during the blizzard.”

verb + adv

02. form a cluster

“The protesters began to form a cluster around the entrance to the building.”

verb + noun

Adjective

03. dense cluster

“The telescope revealed a dense cluster of stars at the center of the galaxy.”

adj + noun

04. tight cluster

“The houses were built in a tight cluster to maximize the available green space.”

adj + noun

Noun

05. cluster of islands

“We spent our summer sailing around a remote cluster of islands in the Pacific.”

noun + of + noun

06. cluster of symptoms

“The patient presented with a strange cluster of symptoms that baffled the doctors.”

noun + of + noun

07. innovation cluster

“The city is developing a new innovation cluster to attract tech startups.”

noun + noun

Preposition

08. in a cluster

“The grapes were hanging in a cluster from the vine.”

prep + noun

Real-World Examples

“At first glance, the site is an unremarkable cluster of tall trees wrapped in thick greenery.”
BBC News 12 Aug 2026
“That’s why eye injuries cluster around eclipses even though the sun itself is unchanged.” Jim Diment, assistant manager of Howleys toy shop in Weymouth, models the safety eyewear.”
The Guardian 12 Aug 2026

Etymology

The noun is derived from Middle English cluster (“bunch, cluster, spray; compact body or mass, ball”) [and other forms], from Old English cluster, clyster (“cluster, bunch, branch”), from Proto-Germanic klas-, klus- (“to clump, lump together”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European gel- (“to ball up; to clench; to amass”)) + -þrą (suffix forming nouns denoting an instrument or tool). The English word is probably a doublet of clot. The verb is derived from the noun. Cognates * Dutch klister (“cluster”) (dialectal) * Icelandic klasi (“cluster; bunch of grapes”) * Low German Kluuster (“cluster”) * Swedish kluster (“cluster”)

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

cluster(C1)

ADJECTIVE

Domains

AstronomyComputingLinguisticsMilitaryMusicStatistics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Frequent
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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English Reference