English Reference
verb

compensate

v.
US /ˈkɑmpənˌseɪt/ UK /kˈɒmpənsˌeɪt/ com·pen·sate UK spelling compensates

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic

    to provide something good to balance out something bad or missing.

    to counterbalance or offset a deficiency, error, or negative effect with an equivalent positive force.

    Simple

    His great enthusiasm for the project helped to compensate for his lack of experience.

    In context

    The company's high salary offerings were designed to compensate for the high cost of living in the city center.

    offsetcounteractmake up for
  2. 02 C1 Advanced Formal Law

    to pay someone money because they worked for you or because they suffered a loss.

    to provide financial payment or other valuable consideration in exchange for services rendered or as restitution for damages.

    Simple

    The airline had to compensate the passengers for the long flight delay.

    In context

    The court ordered the firm to compensate the victims of the industrial accident for their medical expenses and lost wages.

    reimburseremuneraterepay
  3. 03 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    to change how something works to handle a new situation or a problem.

    to make an adjustment in a system or behavior to offset the influence of an external factor or internal failure.

    Simple

    The pilot had to compensate for the strong winds while landing the plane.

    In context

    The software automatically compensates for lens distortion to ensure the final image appears perfectly flat.

Usage

Often used with the preposition 'for' when referring to balancing a deficiency. The verb is transitive when referring to payment ('compensate someone').

Pitfall
He compensated his lack of experience with hard work.He compensated for his lack of experience with hard work.

When the verb means to offset a negative quality, it requires the preposition 'for' before the noun phrase.

The airline’s finance chief said last month it was “way too early” to discuss whether Ryanair would have to compensate the couple while the airline awaited the outcome of an investigation into the incident.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

When landmarks were missing, this navigation system nearly stopped functioning, while another brain region appeared to step in and compensate.

ScienceDaily· 9 Aug 2026

Borrowed from Latin compēnsātus, perfect passive participle of compensō (“to weight together one thing against another, balance, make good”), -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Latin compēnsātus
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated