English Reference

Word

repay

Phoneticsre·pay, stress on the second syllable

US/ɹiˈpeɪ/

UK/ɹɪpˈeɪ/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

repay

Past

repaid

Past participle

repaid

Definitions

01to pay back money

B1 · Intermediate

v. to give back money that you have borrowed from a person or a bank.

v. to refund or pay back a debt or loan. Transitive, requiring a direct object representing the amount or the creditor.

“He promised to repay the loan in full by the end of the year.”

“The borrower is legally obligated to repay the principal amount along with any accrued interest according to the agreed schedule.”

Usage

Often used with 'loan', 'debt', or 'mortgage'.

Antonyms

02to return a favour

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to do something good for someone because they were kind or helpful to you in the past.

v. to requite or reward a person for a service, kindness, or injury. Transitive, often taking the person as the object.

“I hope I can repay your kindness one day.”

“She felt a strong desire to repay her mentor's guidance by achieving success in her own academic career.”

Usage

Commonly collocates with 'kindness', 'generosity', or 'hospitality'.

Synonyms

03to be worth the effort

C1 · Advanced Formal

v. to be worth the time or work you put into something because the result is good.

v. to yield a return or result that justifies the effort or attention expended.

“The beautiful view from the top of the mountain will repay your hard work.”

“The historical documents are difficult to read, but they will repay careful study by providing unique insights into the period.”

Teaching tip

This sense is more common in formal writing and literature than in everyday conversation.

Synonyms

04to coat with tar again

C2 · Proficiency Science Technical

v. to cover a surface, like the bottom of a wooden boat, with tar or pitch for a second time.

v. to apply a fresh coat of tar, pitch, or similar waterproof material to a surface, typically a ship's hull.

“The sailors had to repay the deck to keep the water out.”

“Maintenance of the vintage vessel required the crew to periodically repay the seams with hot pitch to ensure it remained seaworthy.”

Usage

Specific to nautical maintenance and traditional shipbuilding.

Synonyms

recoatreseal

Etymology

From Old French repaier (“to pay back”), from re- + paiier (“to pay”), from Latin pācāre (“to settle, to make peaceful”), from pāx (“peace”) + -ō (forming verbs). Equivalent to re- + pay. Cognate with repacify and French repayer (“to pay again”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

repay(B1)

Domain

Nautical

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B1 · Intermediate
Updated

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English Reference