What does "contend" mean?

1. (to argue or claim) to say that something is true, especially during an argument or a formal discussion. 2. (to deal with a problem) to have to deal with a difficult situation or a person who is causing trouble. 3. (to compete) to compete with others to win something or to achieve a goal.

How do you use "contend"?

Commonly used with a 'that' clause to introduce a formal statement of belief or fact. Almost always used with the preposition 'with'. Often followed by 'for' (the prize) or 'against' (the opponent).

contend

US //kənˈtɛnd// UK //kəntˈɛnd// con·tend

1 to argue or claim (v.)
C1 Advanced Formal

to say that something is true, especially during an argument or a formal discussion.

to assert or maintain a position in an argument. Often followed by a 'that' clause.

Example

The lawyer continued to contend that his client was innocent despite the new evidence.

Example

Critics of the policy contend that the proposed tax reforms will disproportionately affect middle-income families while failing to address the deficit.

Usage

Commonly used with a 'that' clause to introduce a formal statement of belief or fact.
- concede
- deny
2 to deal with a problem (v.)
B2 Upper Intermediate

to have to deal with a difficult situation or a person who is causing trouble.

to struggle against or cope with a difficulty, obstacle, or opposition.

Example

The rescue team had to contend with freezing rain and strong winds all night.

Example

Small businesses must often contend with complex regulatory frameworks that were originally designed for much larger corporations.

Usage

Almost always used with the preposition 'with'.
- avoid
- ignore

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3 to compete (v.)
C1 Advanced Formal Sport

to compete with others to win something or to achieve a goal.

to strive in rivalry or competition against others for a prize or status.

Example

Three different cities are now contending to host the next Olympic Games.

Example

Several young athletes are contending for the gold medal, each bringing a unique set of strengths to the final round of the competition.

Usage

Often followed by 'for' (the prize) or 'against' (the opponent).
- surrender
- withdraw

Origin

From Middle English contenden, borrowed from Old French contendre, from Latin contendere (“to stretch out, extend, strive after, contend”), from com- (“together”) + tendere (“to stretch”); see tend, and compare attend, extend, intend, subtend.