Word
cooperate
Phoneticsco·op·er·ate
US/ˈkwɑpɝˌeɪt/
UK/kəʊˈɒpəɹˌeɪt/
Definitions
01to work together
B1 · Intermediate
v. to work with other people to reach a common goal or finish a task.
v. to act or work jointly with others for a mutual benefit or common purpose.
日本語:協力する※
“The two companies decided to cooperate on a new project to build electric cars.”
“Local authorities and environmental groups must cooperate closely if they hope to restore the river's ecosystem within the next decade.”
Usage
Usually followed by the preposition 'with' for people and 'on' for tasks.
Synonyms
02to be helpful
B2 · Upper Intermediate
v. to do what someone asks you to do, especially an official or a person in charge.
v. to comply with the requests or instructions of others, particularly those in authority.
日本語:協力する※
“The witness agreed to cooperate with the police and told them everything she saw.”
“Despite initial hesitation, the suspect eventually chose to cooperate fully with the investigation in exchange for a reduced sentence.”
Usage
Often used in the context of police investigations or following rules.
03to function in harmony
C1 · Advanced Literary
v. when things work well together to produce a good result.
v. to function or operate in harmony; used of inanimate objects or abstract forces that align to produce a specific outcome.
日本語:連携する※
“The weather did not cooperate, and our outdoor party was ruined by rain.”
“For the experiment to succeed, every variable must cooperate perfectly, as even a minor fluctuation in temperature could invalidate the results.”
Antonyms
04to turn a witness
C2 · Proficiency Law Technical · American English
v. to persuade someone to help the police or a court, usually by offering them a deal.
v. to obtain the formal assistance of a potential witness, often by offering legal incentives.
“The prosecutor spent months trying to cooperate the driver of the getaway car.”
“Federal agents successfully cooperated the lead accountant, whose testimony provided the evidence needed to dismantle the entire criminal enterprise.”
Usage
In this specific legal sense, the verb is used transitively.
Synonyms
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “cooperate” in context.
Verb
01. cooperate and collaborate
“To solve the climate crisis, nations must cooperate and collaborate on green technology.”
verb + and + verb
02. cooperate with the authorities
“Witnesses are being urged to cooperate with the authorities to help catch the perpetrator.”
verb + prep + noun
03. refuse to cooperate
“The suspect refused to cooperate with the detectives during the interrogation.”
verb + infinitive
Adverb
04. closely cooperate
“The two departments closely cooperated to ensure the project was finished on time.”
adv + verb
05. fully cooperate
“The local government has promised to fully cooperate with the federal investigation.”
adv + verb
06. willingly cooperate
“Most residents willingly cooperated when asked to evacuate the flood zone.”
adv + verb
Real-World Examples
“Species that live this way form colonies containing overlapping generations, cooperate in raising young and divide reproductive responsibilities.” “People like that would have to be “out of the inner circle” before Reform UK would hold talks with Restore Britain about cooperating, he said.” Etymology
Originated 1595–1605 from Late Latin cooperātus, perfect passive participle of cooperor (“to work with”), see -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more. Equivalent to co- + operate. Displaced native Old English efnwyrċan.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
Domain
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
- Frequency
- Frequent
- Level
- C1 · AdvancedOxford
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/cooperate
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「日本語」 data: JMdict (EDRDG), CC BY-SA 4.0