English Reference
verb · noun

crumble

v. · n.
US /ˈkɹəmbəɫ/ UK /kɹˈʌmbəl/ crum·ble UK spelling crumbled, crumbles

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to break something into very small pieces, or to fall apart into tiny bits.

    v.to break or fall apart into small fragments or crumbs. Often used as an ergative verb.

    Simple

    The old wall started to crumble after years of heavy rain.

    In context

    The dry soil crumbled easily in his hands, revealing how little moisture remained after the long summer drought.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to lose power or stop working suddenly.

    v.to gradually deteriorate or suddenly collapse in a metaphorical sense, such as an empire, a relationship, or a plan.

    Simple

    Their relationship began to crumble when they stopped talking to each other.

    In context

    The once-mighty empire began to crumble as internal corruption and external pressures weakened its central authority.

  3. 03 B1 Intermediate British English Cooking

    n.a hot British dessert made of cooked fruit with a crunchy, crumbly topping.

    n.a baked dessert consisting of stewed fruit topped with a crumbly mixture of fat, flour, and sugar.

    Simple

    We had a delicious apple crumble with vanilla ice cream for dessert.

    In context

    The chef prepared a seasonal rhubarb crumble, ensuring the topping remained crisp to contrast with the softened fruit underneath.

The difficulty comes as that understanding begins to crumble, unevenly and unpredictably.

The Guardian· 4 Sept 2026

For those who love both sweet and savoury, this rich New York-style cheesecake on a stick is dipped in chocolate and rolled in crunchy dill pickle potato chip crumble.

Toronto Sun· 19 Aug 2026

From earlier crymble, crimble, from Middle English crymblen, kremelen, from Old English crymlan (“to crumble”), from *crymel (“a small crumb; crumble”), diminutive of Old English cruma (“crumb”), equivalent to crumb + -le (diminutive suffix). Compare Dutch kruimelen (“to crumble”), German Low German krömmeln (“to crumble”), German Krümel, diminutive of German Krume, German krümeln, krümmeln (“to crumble”). Alteration of vowel due to analogy with crumb.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English cruma
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated