English Reference
adjective

dysfunctional

adj.
US /dɪsˈfəŋkʃənəɫ/ UK /dɪsfˈʌŋkʃənəl/ dys·func·tion·al

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    describes a group of people, like a family or a team, who do not work well together and often have many problems or arguments.

    characterised by abnormal or unhealthy interpersonal behaviour within a social group, particularly a family unit, that prevents productive or harmonious functioning.

    Simple

    The characters in the movie belong to a very dysfunctional family that cannot stop arguing.

    In context

    Psychologists often examine how growing up in a dysfunctional household affects a person's ability to form stable adult relationships later in life.

    Teacher's tip

    While this can be a technical term in psychology, it is very common in everyday English to describe any group that is messy or full of conflict.

    unhealthybrokenmaladaptive
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    not working the way it is supposed to work.

    failing to perform the required or expected operation; used for mechanical, biological, or administrative systems.

    Simple

    The city's dysfunctional public transport system makes it very difficult for people to get to work on time.

    In context

    The audit revealed a dysfunctional procurement process that allowed costs to spiral out of control without any oversight from the board.

What also works is replacing old, dysfunctional relationships with newer, healthier community bonds.

The Guardian· 25 Aug 2026

From dysfunction + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated