English Reference

Word

empty

Phoneticsemp·ty, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈɛmpti/

UK/ˈɛmpti/

Definitions

01containing nothing

A2 · Elementary

adj. having nothing inside.

adj. containing no people or things; devoid of contents.

“The room was completely empty except for a single wooden chair.”

“The hikers found an empty cabin in the woods, providing them with much-needed shelter from the sudden downpour.”

Antonyms

02without meaning

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. having no real value, meaning, or sincerity.

adj. lacking sincerity, purpose, or substance; often used to describe words or promises.

“He made many empty promises that he never intended to keep.”

“The politician's speech was criticized for being full of empty rhetoric that failed to address the actual concerns of the voters.”

03computing/math

B2 · Upper Intermediate Computing Technical

adj. containing no data or items, like a list with zero things in it.

adj. containing no elements or members; specifically distinguished from 'null' in programming contexts.

“The program crashed because it tried to read an empty list.”

“The function returns an empty array if no matching records are found in the database, rather than returning a null value.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

04to remove contents

A2 · Elementary

v. to take everything out of a container.

v. to remove the contents of a container or space completely.

“Please empty the trash can before you leave the office.”

“The staff worked quickly to empty the gallery before the renovation crew arrived the following morning.”

Antonyms

05to flow into

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. when a river or pipe flows into a larger body of water.

v. to discharge or flow into a larger body of water or a specific destination.

“The local river empties into the sea just a few miles from here.”

“Several small streams empty into the reservoir, maintaining the water level even during the dry summer months.”

06used containers

B2 · Upper Intermediate Plural noun British English

n. bottles or containers that are now without their contents.

n. containers, particularly glass bottles or crates, whose contents have been consumed or removed.

“We need to take the empties back to the shop for the deposit.”

“The morning after the festival, the grounds were littered with glass empties and discarded food packaging.”

Usage

Usually used in the plural form 'empties'.

Synonyms

recyclables

Etymology

From Middle English emty, amty, from Old English ǣmtiġ, ǣmettiġ (“vacant, empty, free, idle, unmarried”, literally “without must or obligation, leisurely”), from Proto-Germanic uz- (“out”) + Proto-Germanic mōtijô, mōtô (“must, obligation, need”), mōtiþô (“ability, accommodation”), from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“measure; to acquire, possess, be in command”). Related to Old English ġeǣmtigian (“to empty”), ǣmetta (“leisure”), mōtan (“can, to be allowed”). More at mote, meet. The interconsonantal excrescent p is a euphonic insertion dating from Middle English.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

empty(A2)

Idioms

Domains

ComputingMathematicsProgramming

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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English Reference