English Reference
noun · verb

harbor

n. · v.
US /ˈhɑɹbɝ/ UK /hˈɑːbɐ/ har·bor UK spelling harbored, harboring, harbors, Harbour

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate American English

    n.a protected area of water next to the land where ships can stay safely.

    n.a sheltered part of a body of water deep enough to provide anchorage for ships.

    Simple

    The fishing boats returned to the harbor before the storm arrived.

    In context

    The natural harbor provided a strategic advantage, allowing the fleet to remain protected from the Atlantic swells while undergoing essential repairs.

    open sea
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate American EnglishLiterary

    n.any place that gives you safety or protection from danger.

    n.a place of shelter or refuge from external threats or harsh conditions.

    Simple

    The small library was a quiet harbor for students during the busy exam week.

    In context

    For many refugees, the community center served as a safe harbor where they could find legal advice and emotional support.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate American English

    v.to keep a particular thought or feeling in your mind for a long time.

    v.to maintain or persistently entertain a specific thought, emotion, or suspicion in one's mind.

    Simple

    He did not harbor any bad feelings toward his former boss.

    In context

    Despite the public apology, many citizens continued to harbor deep suspicions regarding the government's true motivations for the policy change.

  4. 04 C1 Advanced American EnglishFormal Law

    v.to give a home or a secret place to stay to someone, especially someone the police are looking for.

    v.to provide shelter or concealment to someone, frequently in a legal context involving a fugitive or criminal.

    Simple

    It is a crime to harbor a criminal who is running from the law.

    In context

    The defendant was charged with harboring a fugitive after the police discovered the suspect hiding in his basement for three weeks.

    Usage

    This verb is transitive and requires a direct object, usually a person.


Etymology 1

From Middle English herberwe, herber, from Old English herebeorg (“shelter, lodgings, quarters”), from Proto-West Germanic harjabergu (“army shelter, refuge”), from harjaz (“army”) + *bergō (“protection”), equivalent to Old English here (“army, host”) + beorg (“defense, protection, refuge”). Doublet of albergo and auberge. See also borrow, bury, harbinger, harry and here.

Etymology 2

From Middle English herberwen, herbere, from Old English herebeorgian (“to take up one's quarters, lodge”), from the noun (see above).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin gmw-pro *harjabergu
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated