English Reference

Word

hold

US/ˈhoʊɫd/

UK/hˈəʊld/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

hold

Past

held

Past participle

held

Definitions

01to grip with hands

A1 · Beginner

v. to take and keep something in your hand or arms.

v. to grasp, carry, or support with one's hands or arms.

“Can you hold my bag for a second while I find my keys?”

“The mother held her newborn infant with such delicate care that she seemed afraid any sudden movement might wake him.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

02to contain

A2 · Elementary

v. to have enough space for a certain amount of people or things.

v. to have the capacity for or to contain a specified volume or number.

“This stadium can hold up to fifty thousand fans.”

“The new reservoir is designed to hold millions of gallons of water, providing a crucial buffer during the dry summer months.”

03to organize an event

B1 · Intermediate

v. to make an event happen, like a meeting, a party, or an election.

v. to conduct or preside over an event, meeting, or ceremony; frequently used in the passive voice.

“The school will hold a graduation ceremony in the main hall.”

“The committee decided to hold the annual general meeting via video conference to ensure maximum participation from international members.”

Usage

Often used in the passive voice: 'The meeting was held'.

Antonyms

04to believe or claim

B2 · Upper Intermediate Formal

v. to have a particular opinion or belief about something.

v. to maintain a particular opinion, belief, or theory.

“Many people hold the view that technology makes life easier.”

“The court held that the defendant had acted in self-defense, effectively ending the three-year legal battle.”

Antonyms

05to wait on the phone

A2 · Elementary

v. to wait on a telephone line until the person you want to talk to is free.

v. to remain on a telephone connection without hanging up.

“The operator asked me to hold while she checked my reservation.”

“I had to hold for nearly forty minutes before a customer service representative finally answered my call.”

Usage

Often used as 'hold on' or 'stay on the line'.

Synonyms

Antonyms

06to omit an ingredient

B1 · Intermediate Cooking Informal · American English

v. you say this when you want a meal without a specific ingredient.

v. to request the omission of a standard component in a food or drink order.

“I'll have a cheeseburger, but please hold the onions.”

“The customer requested a large pepperoni pizza but asked the kitchen to hold the olives due to a severe allergy.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

add

07a physical grip

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. the act of gripping something or the way you grip it.

n. an act or manner of grasping or gripping something physically.

“He lost his hold on the rope and fell into the water.”

“The climber struggled to find a secure hold on the icy rock face as the wind began to pick up.”

Synonyms

08cargo area

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Nautical

n. the area in a ship or aircraft where goods are carried.

n. the lower part of a ship's hull or the freight compartment of an aircraft.

“The luggage was loaded into the plane's cargo hold.”

“The ship's hold was packed with crates of exotic spices destined for the European markets.”

09influence or power

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. power or influence over someone or something.

n. a position of power, influence, or control over a person or situation.

“The cult leader had a strange hold over his followers.”

“The financial crisis took a firm hold on the nation's economy, leading to years of slow growth and high unemployment.”

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “hold” in context.

Verb

01. currently hold

“She currently holds the world record for the fastest marathon in her age group.”

adv + verb

02. generally hold

“These rules generally hold in most formal situations, though there are some exceptions.”

adv + verb

03. hold data

“The new server is designed to hold data for up to ten thousand users simultaneously.”

verb + noun

Noun

04. assumption hold

“This economic model is only accurate if the initial assumption holds true over time.”

noun + verb

05. relation hold

“The mathematical relation holds even when the variables are increased significantly.”

noun + verb

06. relationship hold

“We need to determine if this statistical relationship holds across different demographics.”

noun + verb

07. theory hold

“Many scientists are questioning whether the theory holds after the latest experiment results.”

noun + verb

Real-World Examples

“Naju Ceesay knew the joys of motherhood, only to lose the children she had waited so long to hold.”
Al Jazeera 14 Aug 2026
“He too plans to keep hold of his shares in the hope that they will rise again.”
BBC News 13 Aug 2026
“For me, both theories hold some grain of truth.”
BBC News 6 Aug 2026
“However, they could be seen as a negative for teams who were used to using the dark arts to run down the clock and hold on to a result.”
BBC News 14 Aug 2026

Etymology

Derived from Middle English holden, derived from Old English healdan, derived from Proto-West Germanic haldan, derived from Proto-Germanic haldaną (“to tend, herd”), maybe derived from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to drive”). Doublet of halt. Cognates *West Frisian hâlde *Low German holden, holen *Dutch houden *German halten *Danish *Norwegian Bokmål holde *Norwegian Nynorsk halda. Compare Latin celer (“quick”), Tocharian B käl- (“to goad, drive”), Ancient Greek κέλλω (kéllō, “to drive”), Sanskrit कलयति (kalayati, “to impel”).

Alteration (due to hold) of hole. Cognate with Dutch hol (“hole, cave, den, cavity, cargo hold”), Dutch holte (“cavity, hollow, den”).

From Middle English hold, holde, from Old English hold (“gracious, friendly, kind”), from Proto-West Germanic holþ, from Proto-Germanic hulþaz (“favourable, gracious, loyal”), from Proto-Indo-European *kel- (“to tend, incline, bend, tip”). Cognate with German hold (“gracious, friendly, sympathetic, grateful”), Danish and Swedish huld (“fair, kindly, gracious”), Icelandic hollur (“faithful, dedicated, loyal”), German Huld (“grace, favour”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

PHRASAL VERB

Related words

Idioms

Domains

AviationNautical

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Very common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference