English Reference

Word

nitrate

Phoneticsni·trate

US/ˈnaɪˌtɹeɪt/

UK/nˈaɪtɹeɪt/

Definition

n. a chemical compound often found in soil and used in fertilizers to help plants grow. You might also see it mentioned as a preservative in foods like bacon or ham.

n. a salt or ester of nitric acid, containing the NO3− group. Commonly utilized in agricultural fertilizers and as a food preservative to inhibit bacterial growth.

Examples

“Farmers use nitrates to help their crops grow faster.”

“High levels of nitrate in the local well water suggested that fertilizer from nearby farms was leaking into the ground.”

“The industrial synthesis of nitrates revolutionized global agriculture by providing a reliable source of nitrogen, though excessive runoff now poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems through eutrophication.”

Examples

simple

“Farmers use nitrates to help their crops grow faster.”

contextual

“High levels of nitrate in the local well water suggested that fertilizer from nearby farms was leaking into the ground.”

complex

“The industrial synthesis of nitrates revolutionized global agriculture by providing a reliable source of nitrogen, though excessive runoff now poses significant threats to aquatic ecosystems through eutrophication.”

Usage

Uncountable when referring to the chemical substance in general; countable when referring to specific chemical varieties or salts.

Real-World Examples

“Green pointed out that Iowa also has relatively few regulations intended to keep pesticides and farm runoff, which can be heavy with cancer-linked nitrates, away from people and out of water supplies.”
The Guardian · 16 Aug 2026
“Blood testing also revealed unusually high concentrations of nitrite and nitrate.”
ScienceDaily · 15 Aug 2026

Etymology

From French nitrate.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Domain

Chemistry

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference