English Reference
conjunction · noun

nor

conj. · n.
US /ˈnɔɹ/ UK /nˈɔː/ nor

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    conj.used to connect two things that are both not true or not happening.

    conj.a function word used to introduce the second or subsequent member of a series of negative alternatives, typically following 'neither'.

    Simple

    Neither the teacher nor the students knew the answer to the question.

    In context

    The proposed legislation was neither popular with the public nor supported by the majority of the governing committee.

    Usage

    When 'nor' connects two subjects, the verb usually agrees with the subject closest to it.

    and not
    or
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal

    conj.used to add another negative statement to something you just said.

    conj.used to introduce a further negative statement, often triggering subject-auxiliary inversion in the following clause.

    Simple

    I don't like spicy food, nor do I enjoy very salty snacks.

    In context

    The witness did not recall seeing the vehicle, nor could she provide a description of the driver at the scene.

    Usage

    This use requires you to swap the subject and the helping verb, such as 'nor do I' instead of 'nor I do'.

    and also not
  3. 03 C2 Proficiency Technical Computing

    n.a type of logical operation that is only true if all parts are false.

    n.a logical operator or logic gate that produces a positive output only when all its inputs are negative.

    Simple

    The engineer used a NOR gate to design the simple alarm circuit.

    In context

    In digital electronics, the NOR operation is considered a universal gate because any other boolean function can be implemented using only NOR gates.

    not or
    OR

Etymology 1

From Middle English nauther, a form of nother and cognate with neither, reanalysed in later English as not + or.

Etymology 2

From not + or, a reanalysis of Etymology 1's sense 2 that treats the original as negation + or rather than as a single inherited conjunction.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Middle English nauther
Level B1 · Intermediate
Frequency Common
Updated