English Reference

Word

play

US/ˈpɫeɪ/

UK/plˈeɪ/

Definitions

01to have fun

A1 · Beginner

v. to do something for fun or enjoyment, especially for children.

v. to engage in activity for recreation or amusement rather than for a serious or practical purpose.

“The children were playing in the garden with their new toys.”

“The kittens spent the entire afternoon playing with a ball of yarn, practicing the pouncing skills they would later need for hunting.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

02to participate in a sport

A1 · Beginner Sports

v. to take part in a game or sport.

v. to participate in a competitive game or exercise; transitive when followed by the name of the sport.

“We usually play tennis on Saturday mornings if the weather is good.”

“He has played professional basketball for over a decade, earning several championship rings during his tenure with the city's primary team.”

Pitfall

I play the football every weekend.

I play football every weekend.

Do not use 'the' before the name of a sport when using the verb 'play'.

03to perform music

A1 · Beginner Music

v. to make music with an instrument like a piano or guitar.

v. to produce music by manual or mechanical operation of an instrument.

“She started to play the piano when she was only five years old.”

“The orchestra began to play the symphony with such precision that the audience remained perfectly silent until the final note faded.”

Pitfall

She plays guitar very well.

She plays the guitar very well.

In most English dialects, use 'the' before the name of a musical instrument when talking about the ability to play it.

Synonyms

04to act a role

B1 · Intermediate Theater

v. to act as a character in a movie or a show.

v. to represent a character in a theatrical or cinematic performance.

“He is going to play the hero in the school's end-of-year show.”

“The actress was chosen to play the lead role because of her unique ability to convey complex emotions through subtle facial expressions.”

Synonyms

05to start media

A2 · Elementary Computing

v. to make a video or song start so you can watch or hear it.

v. to cause a recorded medium to emit its content.

“Can you play that song again? I really like the lyrics.”

“The software is designed to play high-definition video files without stuttering, even on older hardware configurations.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

06to trick someone

C1 · Advanced Informal · Slang

v. to trick or deceive someone for your own advantage.

v. to manipulate or deceive a person for personal gain or amusement.

“I realized too late that he was just playing me to get the money.”

“The con artist had been playing the investors for months, providing them with fraudulent documents to hide the fact that their money was gone.”

07theatrical show

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Theater

n. a story that is written for actors to perform on a stage.

n. a dramatic composition or performance intended for the stage.

“We went to see a Shakespeare play at the local theatre last night.”

“The new play received rave reviews from critics, who praised the innovative staging and the powerful dialogue between the two main characters.”

Synonyms

08recreation

A2 · Elementary Uncountable noun

n. time spent having fun or being active, especially for children.

n. activity engaged in for enjoyment and recreation, especially by children.

“The teacher told the students that it was time for play.”

“Child psychologists emphasize that unstructured play is essential for the cognitive and social development of young children.”

Antonyms

09freedom of movement

C1 · Advanced Uncountable noun Technology Technical

n. the amount of space something has to move within a machine or part.

n. the amount of space for movement allowed by a mechanism; physical tolerance or slack.

“There is too much play in the steering wheel, so it feels loose.”

“The engineer adjusted the gears to reduce the play, ensuring that the mechanical arm would move with greater precision during the assembly process.”

Antonyms

10a specific move

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a specific action or plan in a game or business.

n. a calculated move or maneuver in a game, sport, or strategic situation.

“That was a clever play to win the game in the final minute.”

“The company's acquisition of the smaller startup was seen as a strategic play to dominate the emerging green energy market.”

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “play” in context.

01. play role 02. role play

Etymology

From Middle English pleyen, playen, pleȝen, plæien, also Middle English plaȝen, plawen (compare English plaw), from Old English pleġan, pleoġan, plæġan, and Old English plegian, pleagian, plagian (“to play, exercise, etc.”), from Proto-West Germanic plehan (“to care about, be concerned with”) and Proto-West Germanic plegōn (“to engage, move”), of uncertain origin. cognates and related terms Cognate with Scots play (“to act or move briskly, cause to move, stir”), Saterland Frisian pleegje (“to look after, care for, maintain”), West Frisian pleegje, pliigje (“to commit, perform, bedrive”), Middle Dutch pleyen ("to dance, leap for joy, rejoice, be glad"; compare Modern Dutch pleien (“to play a particular children's game”)), Dutch plegen (“to commit, bedrive, practice”), German pflegen (“to care for, be concerned with, attend to, tend”). Related also to Old English plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight, pledge. The noun is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, plega, plæġa (“play, quick motion, movement, exercise; (athletic) sport, game; festivity, drama; battle; gear for games, an implement for a game; clapping with the hands, applause”), deverbative of plegian (“to play”); see above.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

play(A1)

Related words

Idioms

01. child's play

02. go play in the traffic

03. grandstand play

04. hold-up play

05. play a part

06. play a role

07. play all one's cards

08. play along

09. play around

10. play back

Show all 76

11. play ball

12. play booty

13. play both sides against the middle

14. play by ear

15. play chicken

16. play Cupid

17. play down

18. play dumb

19. play fast and loose

20. play first fiddle

21. play for love

22. play for time

23. play games

24. play hard to get

25. play hardball

26. play hob with

27. play hooky

28. play in Peoria

29. play it cheap

30. play it cool

31. play it for all it's worth

32. play it straight

33. play merry havoc with

34. play merry hell with

35. play Old Gooseberry

36. play Old Harry

37. play Old Harry with

38. play on someone's heartstrings

39. play on words

40. play one against another

41. play one's cards right

42. play one's part

43. play politics

44. play possum

45. play second fiddle

46. play silly buggers

47. play someone like a fiddle

48. play someone like a violin

49. play the angles

50. play the ball and not the man

51. play the cat and banjo with

52. play the deuce with

53. play the devil with

54. play the dickens with

55. play the field

56. play the fool

57. play the gender card

58. play the hand one is dealt

59. play the man and not the ball

60. play the mischief with

61. play the Nazi card

62. play the ponies

63. play the race card

64. play the same tape

65. play the something card

66. play the victim card

67. play the wag

68. play to the gallery

69. play to win

70. play up

71. play well with others

72. play with a full deck

73. play with fire

74. play with house money

75. rain stopped play

76. run of play

Domains

FilmMusicSports

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224EikenEikenTest in Practical English ProficiencyThe English proficiency test from the Eiken Foundation of Japan, widely taken by Japanese students. Grades run from 5 to 1, with Pre-1 and Pre-2 between them.Grade 3
Frequency
Very common
Level
A1 · BeginnerOxford
Updated

QR code

englishreference.com/q/play

English Reference