English Reference
verb · noun

play

v. · n.
US /ˈpɫeɪ/ UK /plˈeɪ/ play UK spelling played, plays

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    v.to do something for fun or enjoyment, especially for children.

    v.to engage in activity for recreation or amusement rather than for a serious or practical purpose.

    Simple

    The children were playing in the garden with their new toys.

    In context

    The kittens spent the entire afternoon playing with a ball of yarn, practicing the pouncing skills they would later need for hunting.

    have funfrolic
  2. 02 A1 Beginner Sport

    v.to take part in a game or sport.

    v.to participate in a competitive game or exercise; transitive when followed by the name of the sport.

    Simple

    We usually play tennis on Saturday mornings if the weather is good.

    In context

    He has played professional basketball for over a decade, earning several championship rings during his tenure with the city's primary team.

    Pitfall
    I play the football every weekend. I play football every weekend.

    Do not use 'the' before the name of a sport when using the verb 'play'.

  3. 03 A1 Beginner Music

    v.to make music with an instrument like a piano or guitar.

    v.to produce music by manual or mechanical operation of an instrument.

    Simple

    She started to play the piano when she was only five years old.

    In context

    The orchestra began to play the symphony with such precision that the audience remained perfectly silent until the final note faded.

    Pitfall
    She plays guitar very well. She plays the guitar very well.

    In most English dialects, use 'the' before the name of a musical instrument when talking about the ability to play it.

  4. 04 B1 Intermediate Theatre

    v.to act as a character in a movie or a show.

    v.to represent a character in a theatrical or cinematic performance.

    Simple

    He is going to play the hero in the school's end-of-year show.

    In context

    The actress was chosen to play the lead role because of her unique ability to convey complex emotions through subtle facial expressions.

  5. 05 A2 Elementary Computing

    v.to make a video or song start so you can watch or hear it.

    v.to cause a recorded medium to emit its content.

    Simple

    Can you play that song again? I really like the lyrics.

    In context

    The software is designed to play high-definition video files without stuttering, even on older hardware configurations.

  6. 06 C1 Advanced InformalSlang

    v.to trick or deceive someone for your own advantage.

    v.to manipulate or deceive a person for personal gain or amusement.

    Simple

    I realized too late that he was just playing me to get the money.

    In context

    The con artist had been playing the investors for months, providing them with fraudulent documents to hide the fact that their money was gone.

  7. 07 A2 Elementary Theatre

    n.a story that is written for actors to perform on a stage.

    n.a dramatic composition or performance intended for the stage.

    Simple

    We went to see a Shakespeare play at the local theatre last night.

    In context

    The new play received rave reviews from critics, who praised the innovative staging and the powerful dialogue between the two main characters.

  8. 08 A2 Elementary

    n.time spent having fun or being active, especially for children.

    n.activity engaged in for enjoyment and recreation, especially by children.

    Simple

    The teacher told the students that it was time for play.

    In context

    Child psychologists emphasize that unstructured play is essential for the cognitive and social development of young children.

  9. 09 C1 Advanced Technical Technical

    n.the amount of space something has to move within a machine or part.

    n.the amount of space for movement allowed by a mechanism; physical tolerance or slack.

    Simple

    There is too much play in the steering wheel, so it feels loose.

    In context

    The engineer adjusted the gears to reduce the play, ensuring that the mechanical arm would move with greater precision during the assembly process.

  10. 10 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a specific action or plan in a game or business.

    n.a calculated move or maneuver in a game, sport, or strategic situation.

    Simple

    That was a clever play to win the game in the final minute.

    In context

    The company's acquisition of the smaller startup was seen as a strategic play to dominate the emerging green energy market.

Usage play video · play an important · play a role


From Middle English pleyen, playen, pleȝen, plæien, also Middle English plaȝen, plawen (compare English plaw), from Old English pleġan, pleoġan, plæġan, and Old English plegian, pleagian, plagian (“to play, exercise, etc.”), from Proto-West Germanic plehan (“to care about, be concerned with”) and Proto-West Germanic plegōn (“to engage, move”), of uncertain origin. cognates and related terms Cognate with Scots play (“to act or move briskly, cause to move, stir”), Saterland Frisian pleegje (“to look after, care for, maintain”), West Frisian pleegje, pliigje (“to commit, perform, bedrive”), Middle Dutch pleyen ("to dance, leap for joy, rejoice, be glad"; compare Modern Dutch pleien (“to play a particular children's game”)), Dutch plegen (“to commit, bedrive, practice”), German pflegen (“to care for, be concerned with, attend to, tend”). Related also to Old English plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight, pledge. The noun is from Middle English pleye, from Old English plæġ, plega, plæġa (“play, quick motion, movement, exercise; (athletic) sport, game; festivity, drama; battle; gear for games, an implement for a game; clapping with the hands, applause”), deverbative of plegian (“to play”); see above.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English plæġ
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated