English Reference

Word

rebel

/ˈɹɛbəɫ/

Definitions

01a person resisting authority

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Politics

n. someone who fights against a government or a person in power.

n. a person who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler.

“The rebels took control of the capital city after weeks of fighting.”

“The government refused to negotiate with the rebels, labeling them as terrorists rather than political dissidents.”

Synonyms

02a non-conformist

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. someone who does not follow the usual rules of society or their family.

n. a person who resists conventional social expectations or authority figures, often as a matter of personal identity.

“He was a bit of a rebel in high school and always wore clothes that broke the dress code.”

“The artist was celebrated as a rebel who challenged the rigid aesthetic standards of the nineteenth-century academy.”

Synonyms

mavericknon-conformist

Antonyms

conformist

03to resist authority

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to refuse to obey rules or to fight against those in power.

v. to rise in opposition or show defiance toward an authority, established government, or social convention.

“Teenagers often rebel against their parents as they try to become independent.”

“The provincial governors began to rebel against the central administration when the new tax laws were enforced without consultation.”

Usage

The verb is intransitive and typically takes the preposition 'against'.

Synonyms

Antonyms

04US Civil War soldier

C1 · Advanced Countable noun American English · Archaic

n. a soldier who fought for the South during the American Civil War.

n. a supporter or soldier of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War.

“The old history book told stories of the rebels and the union soldiers.”

“The museum houses a collection of letters written by a young rebel stationed in Virginia during the final months of the conflict.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “rebel” in context.

Verb

01. arm the rebels

“Foreign powers were accused of trying to arm the rebels to destabilize the region.”

verb + noun

02. crush the rebels

“The government deployed the military to crush the rebels in the northern provinces.”

verb + noun

03. negotiate with the rebels

“The president finally agreed to negotiate with the rebels to reach a peace treaty.”

verb + prep + noun

Adjective

04. teenage rebel

“In his youth, he was a classic teenage rebel who refused to wear the school uniform.”

adj + noun

05. unrepentant rebel

“Even after years in exile, he remained an unrepentant rebel against the regime.”

adj + noun

Noun

06. rebel leader

“The rebel leader called for a nationwide strike to protest the new tax laws.”

noun + noun

07. rebel stronghold

“The army launched an airstrike on the rebel stronghold located deep in the mountains.”

noun + noun

Real-World Examples

“Fears of return to war as Tigray rebels launch offensive against Ethiopian army.”
The Guardian 24 Sept 2026
“Phillipa Northeast is brilliant as a young woman rebelling against society’s expectations in 1890s Australia.”
The Guardian 13 Aug 2026
“Inside Myanmar, rebels are losing ground as military forces men into army.”
BBC 9 Jun 2026
“The UN peacekeeping mission, MONUSCO , has supported the demobilisation of former rebels.”
UN News 15 Aug 2026

Etymology

Borrowed from German Rebel.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

NOUN

rebel(C1)

The word in film

Poster for Rebel Without a Cause

Poster: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.

Rebel Without a Cause · 1955 · Drama

Directed by:
Nicholas Ray
Starring:
James Dean, Dennis Hopper, Natalie Wood

Nicholas Ray directs this defining 1950s youth drama starring James Dean as an emotionally conflicted high school student newly arrived in suburban Los Angeles. The title names the noun sense of an alienated young person who resists parental authority and social conformity without a specific grievance.

In Music

Cover of Rebel Rebel by David Bowie

Cover: Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons — RCA Victor Records.

Rebel Rebel · 1974 · Glam rock

Artist:
David Bowie
Album:
Diamond Dogs

David Bowie’s 1974 glam rock anthem celebrates a teenager who defies traditional gender norms and social expectations. The title uses the headword to describe someone who proudly refuses to follow the rules of mainstream society.

Domain

Politics

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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