English Reference

Word

referee

Phoneticsref·er·ee

US/ˌɹɛfɝˈi/

UK/ɹˌɛfəɹˈiː/

Definitions

01sports official

B1 · Sport

n. the official who makes sure players follow the rules during a sports match.

n. an official who oversees a sports match to ensure adherence to the rules and to adjudicate on play.

“The referee blew his whistle to stop the game after a foul.”

“The referee faced intense scrutiny from the media after several controversial decisions influenced the final score of the championship match.”

Synonyms

02job recommendation

B2

n. a person who provides a letter or statement about your character and abilities when you apply for a job.

n. a person who provides a professional or character reference for a job applicant. In American English, the term 'reference' is more common for the person.

“I asked my former manager to be a referee for my new job application.”

“Candidates are required to provide the contact details of two referees who can attest to their professional conduct and technical expertise.”

British English

Usage

In British English, 'referee' refers to the person; in American English, 'reference' is used for both the person and the document.

Synonyms

03academic reviewer

C1 · Academic

n. an expert who reads a researcher's work to decide if it is good enough to be published.

n. an expert in a specific field who evaluates a manuscript to determine its suitability for publication in a journal.

“The journal sent the article to a referee for a blind review.”

“The author spent three months addressing the detailed criticisms provided by the anonymous referee before the paper was finally accepted.”

Academic · Formal

Synonyms

reviewerevaluator

04to judge a game

B2 · Sport

v. to act as the official in a sports match.

v. to perform the duties of a referee in a sporting contest or dispute.

“She was invited to referee the final match of the tournament.”

“He has been refereeing professional football for over a decade, earning a reputation for his calm handling of high-pressure situations.”

Synonyms

officiateumpire

Real-World Examples

“Maybe the referee didn’t have the best view – but the linesman on our side needs to see that.”
The Guardian · 15 Aug 2026
“If the time runs out, the referee will blow the whistle again and give the throw to the other team.”
BBC News · 14 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English [Term?], from past participle of Old French referer (“to relate, to refer”), from Latin referre (“to carry back, to report, to notify”); as if refer + -ee, that is, the person to whom something is referred for consideration.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Domain

Sports

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

englishreference.com/q/referee

English Reference