English Reference

Word

refusal

Phoneticsre·fusal

US/ɹəfˈjuzəɫ/

UK/ɹɪfjˈuːsəl/

Definitions

01saying no

B2

n. the act of saying no to an offer, a request, or an invitation.

n. the act of declining or rejecting something offered, requested, or required.

“Her refusal to help with the project made the rest of the team very angry.”

“The diplomat's flat refusal of the proposed terms led to an immediate breakdown in the peace negotiations.”

Usage

Often followed by 'of' plus a noun or 'to' plus an infinitive verb.

Pitfall

His refusal for the job surprised us.

His refusal of the job surprised us.

Use 'of' or 'to' after refusal. You refuse 'of' an offer or give a refusal 'to' a request.

Synonyms

rejectiondenialdeclination

02drilling limit

C2 · Science

n. the point where a drill cannot go any deeper into the ground.

n. the depth or specific point at which a borehole or well cannot be advanced further due to hard rock or technical limits.

“The drill hit refusal at fifty meters because of the solid granite layer.”

“The engineering report noted that the piling reached refusal much earlier than anticipated, suggesting a shallow bedrock profile.”

Technical

Usage

Primarily used in geological engineering and oil industries.

Synonyms

Real-World Examples

“But of those, 27.5% were refused – a refusal rate three times higher than in any other member state, and far higher than the EU average of 3%-4%.”
The Guardian · 15 Aug 2026
“Hungerford says that child poverty is a key driver of vaccine refusal; parents who have to worry about bills often don't have the brain space to think about immunisations, he says.”
BBC News · 3 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English refusell; equivalent to refuse + -al.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

refusalNounrefuseVerb

This entry

Level
C1 · Advanced
Frequency
Frequent
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference