scratch

B1 · Intermediate

v. to make a thin cut or mark on something with a sharp object.

v. to mark or damage a surface by drawing a sharp or abrasive object across it.

日本語:傷付ける※

“Be careful not to scratch the wooden table when you move the keys.”

“The diamond ring accidentally scratched the glass display case, leaving a permanent white line that could not be buffed out.”

B2 · Upper Intermediate Sports

v. to remove a name from a list or decide not to take part in a race.

v. to withdraw from a competition or to strike out a name or item from a list.

“The favourite horse was scratched from the race due to a minor injury.”

“The committee decided to scratch the final three items from the agenda to ensure the meeting ended on schedule.”

C1 · Advanced Music Technical

v. to move a record back and forth quickly to make a rhythmic sound.

v. to produce rhythmic sounds by manually manipulating a vinyl record on a turntable while adjusting a crossfader.

“The DJ began to scratch the record, creating a cool hip-hop beat.”

“Mastering the ability to scratch requires precise hand-eye coordination and a deep understanding of rhythmic syncopation within electronic music.”

A2 · Elementary Countable noun

n. a thin mark or a small cut on the surface of something.

n. a shallow incision or mark produced by pressure from a sharp object.

“It was just a small scratch on his arm, so he didn't need a bandage.”

“The forensic team noted several deep scratches on the metal door frame, suggesting a forced entry attempt with a heavy tool.”

B1 · Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. used in the phrase 'from scratch' to mean starting with nothing or from the very beginning.

n. the starting point in a competition or process; almost exclusively used in the prepositional phrase 'from scratch'.

“We didn't use a box mix; we baked the entire cake from scratch.”

“After the server crash wiped their progress, the developers had to rebuild the entire database architecture from scratch.”

C2 · Proficiency Uncountable noun Slang · American English

n. a slang word for money.

n. a slang term for currency or cash.

“I'd love to go to the concert, but I don't have the scratch right now.”

“He spent years working odd jobs just to get enough scratch together to open his own small workshop.”

C1 · Advanced Formal

adj. made quickly using whatever people or materials are available.

adj. assembled or organized in a hurried way from whatever is available.

“The coach put together a scratch team for the charity match.”

“Despite being a scratch crew with no prior experience working together, they managed to navigate the vessel safely back to the harbour.”