English Reference

Word

sir

US/ˈsɝ/

UK/sˈɜː/

Definitions

01polite address

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Formal

n. a polite way to address a man, especially if you do not know his name.

n. a respectful term of address used for a male person, typically when his name is unknown or to show deference.

“Excuse me, sir, I think you dropped your wallet on the sidewalk.”

“The waiter approached the table and asked, 'Are you ready to order now, sir?'”

Usage

Usually used as a standalone vocative without a following name.

Pitfall

Excuse me, Sir John, can you help me?

Excuse me, sir, can you help me?

Use 'sir' alone when you don't know the name. Only use 'Sir' with a name if the person has a formal title like a knighthood.

Synonyms

Antonyms

madamma'am

02formal title

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun British English · Formal

n. a title used before the first name of a knight or baronet.

n. the titular prefix used before the forename of a knight or baronet.

“Sir Isaac Newton was a famous scientist who studied gravity.”

“The Queen granted him a knighthood, and he is now formally addressed as Sir Anthony.”

Usage

Always capitalized and followed by a given name.

Pitfall

I met Sir Smith yesterday.

I met Sir Elton yesterday.

The title 'Sir' must be followed by a first name (Sir Elton) or a full name (Sir Elton John), never just a surname.

Antonyms

03school teacher

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun British English

n. a way for students to address a male teacher in some countries.

n. a conventional term of address used by students for a male school teacher.

“Please, sir, can I go to the bathroom?”

“In many British secondary schools, it remains standard practice for pupils to address male staff members simply as 'sir'.”

Usage

Commonly used as a vocative in educational settings.

Synonyms

Antonyms

04to call someone sir

C1 · Advanced Informal

v. to call someone 'sir' when you speak to them.

v. to address a person using the honorific 'sir', often to show extreme respect or military discipline.

“Don't sir me—we've been friends for years.”

“The recruit was instructed to sir every officer he encountered on the base.”

Usage

Used transitively; the object is the person being addressed.

Related words

Idioms

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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English Reference