English Reference
noun · verb

skeleton

n. · v.
US /ˈskɛɫətən/ UK /skˈɛlɪtən/ skele·ton UK spelling skeleton's, skeleton's

  1. 01 A2 Elementary Medicine

    n.the frame of bones inside a human or animal body that supports it.

    n.the internal framework of bones and cartilage that provides structural support and protection for the organs of a vertebrate.

    Simple

    The biology students studied a plastic skeleton to learn the names of the bones.

    In context

    The archaeological dig uncovered a nearly complete skeleton, allowing researchers to determine the individual's height and approximate age at death.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.the basic frame or structure of a building or plan.

    n.the essential supporting structure or central core of a construction or organization.

    Simple

    The steel skeleton of the new skyscraper was visible from miles away.

    In context

    The author spent months developing the skeleton of the plot before writing a single chapter of the actual novel.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Sport

    n.a winter sport where a person slides down ice on a small sled, lying face down.

    n.a winter sliding sport in which a person rides a small sled down a frozen track while lying prone and head-first.

    Simple

    Watching the skeleton in the Winter Olympics looks very dangerous because of the high speeds.

    In context

    The athlete maintained a perfectly aerodynamic position throughout the skeleton run, eventually breaking the track record by several hundredths of a second.

    tobogganing
  4. 04 C1 Advanced Formal

    n.the smallest number of people or things needed to keep something working.

    n.the minimum number of personnel or essential elements required to maintain basic operations.

    Simple

    The office only has a skeleton staff working during the Christmas holidays.

    In context

    Due to the budget cuts, the department was forced to operate with a skeleton crew for the remainder of the fiscal year.

    Usage

    Often used as a modifier before another noun, as in 'skeleton staff'.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Informal

    n.a secret from the past that would be embarrassing if people found out.

    n.a clipping of the idiom 'skeleton in the closet', referring to a hidden, discreditable fact about someone.

    Simple

    Every family has a skeleton or two that they prefer not to talk about.

    In context

    The journalist spent weeks digging into the candidate's past, hoping to find a skeleton that would derail the campaign.

  6. 06 C2 Proficiency Archaic

    v.to take everything away until only the frame or bones are left.

    v.to reduce an object or body to its essential framework or bony structure.

    Simple

    The desert sun and wind had skeletonized the remains of the old wagon.

    In context

    The harsh conditions of the shipwreck had served to skeletonize the vessel, leaving only the heavy timber ribs protruding from the sand.

    skeletonizestrip

Etymology 1

From New Latin sceleton, from Ancient Greek σκελετόν (skeletón), the neuter of σκελετός (skeletós, “dried up, withered, dried body, parched, mummy”), from σκέλλω (skéllō, “dry, dry up, make dry, parch”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelh₁- (“to parch, wither”); compare Ancient Greek σκληρός (sklērós, “hard”).

Etymology 2

The etymology of the term is disputed between two versions. * From the sled used, which originally was a bare frame, like a skeleton. * From Norwegian kjaelke (a type of ice sled) through a bad anglicization as "skele".

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *(s)kelh₁-
Level A2 · Elementary
Frequency Frequent
Updated