English Reference
noun

specimen

n.
US /ˈspɛsəmən/ UK /spˈɛsɪmən/ spec·i·men UK spelling specimen's, specimen's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic Science

    a single plant, animal, or object that is used as an example of its whole group for study.

    an individual animal, plant, or mineral used as an example of its species or type for scientific study or display.

    Simple

    The museum has a perfect specimen of a rare butterfly from the Amazon.

    In context

    The botanist spent years searching for a well-preserved specimen of the orchid to include in the university's permanent collection.

    Usage

    Often used with 'of' to specify the category being represented.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Technical Medicine

    a small amount of something from your body, like blood or urine, that a doctor tests.

    a sample of bodily fluid or tissue taken for diagnostic or analytical testing.

    Simple

    The nurse asked the patient to provide a urine specimen for the lab.

    In context

    The laboratory required a fresh blood specimen to ensure the accuracy of the chemical analysis.

    Usage

    Commonly used in clinical and hospital settings.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced HumorousInformal

    a person who has a very specific physical appearance or character.

    an individual person viewed as having particular physical or personality traits, often used with an adjective.

    Simple

    The athlete was a fine physical specimen, tall and very strong.

    In context

    He was a curious specimen of a man, always wearing a heavy wool coat even in the middle of a heatwave.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is often used ironically or to describe someone's physical fitness.

Photograph: Jim Wileman/The Guardian Lyme Regis Museum was aware of Moore’s collection and considered it among the best private collections from the Lower Lias of Dorset, containing several unique specimens.

The Guardian· 16 Aug 2026

It is the first confirmed example of this part of the skull in a Japanese mosasaur specimen.

ScienceDaily· 15 Aug 2026

From Latin specimen (“mark, sign, example”), from speciō (“observe, watch”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated