English Reference
verb · noun

strain

v. · n.
US /ˈstɹeɪn/ UK /stɹˈeɪn/ strain UK spelling strains

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to try very hard to do something, often using all your strength or focus.

    v.to exert oneself to the limit of one's faculties or physical strength.

    Simple

    I had to strain my eyes to read the small print on the bottle.

    In context

    The soprano had to strain to reach the high notes during the final act of the opera, visibly exhausting herself by the curtain call.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate Cooking

    v.to separate solid pieces from a liquid by pouring it through a tool with small holes.

    v.to separate liquid from solid matter by passing it through a porous medium or colander.

    Simple

    Strain the pasta and then put it back into the pot with the sauce.

    In context

    After simmering the stock for several hours, strain the liquid through a fine-mesh sieve to ensure a clear, professional finish.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Medicine

    v.to injure a muscle or part of your body by stretching it too much.

    v.to injure a muscle, tendon, or ligament by overexertion or excessive stretching.

    Simple

    Be careful not to strain your back when you lift those heavy boxes.

    In context

    The athlete strained his hamstring during the sprint, forcing him to withdraw from the remainder of the competition.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate

    n.a state of worry or pressure caused by having too much to do.

    n.a force or influence that stretches, twists, or puts pressure on something, whether physical or psychological.

    Simple

    The long hours at work are putting a real strain on her health.

    In context

    The sudden influx of refugees put a massive strain on the local infrastructure, testing the limits of the city's resources.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    n.a specific type of a virus, bacteria, or plant.

    n.a particular genetic variant or subtype of a micro-organism or virus.

    Simple

    Scientists are studying a new strain of the flu that spreads very quickly.

    In context

    The laboratory identified a drug-resistant strain of bacteria that had evolved in response to the over-prescription of antibiotics.

  6. 06 C1 Advanced Technical Science

    n.the change in the shape of an object when it is pulled or pushed.

    n.the physical deformation of a material body under the action of applied forces.

    Simple

    The bridge was designed to handle the strain of thousands of cars every day.

    In context

    Engineers calculated the stress and strain on the steel cables to ensure the structure could withstand hurricane-force winds.

  7. 07 C2 Proficiency Literary Music

    n.the sound of a piece of music or a song.

    n.a sequence of musical notes or a distinct section of a melody.

    Simple

    The beautiful strains of a violin drifted through the open window.

    In context

    As the sun set, the haunting strains of a distant flute echoed across the valley, creating a melancholy atmosphere.

Usage strain of the virus

Tedros said on Wednesday two vaccines developed specifically for this strain were now being tested on people for the first time.

The Guardian· 13 Aug 2026

There are no approved vaccines or treatments  for the Bundibugyo strain.

UN News· 11 Aug 2026
This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Common
Updated