English Reference
noun · verb · adjective

subject

n. · v. · adj.
US /ˈsəbdʒɪkt/ sub·ject UK spelling subjected, subjecting, subjects

  1. 01 A2 Elementary

    n.the thing you are talking, writing, or thinking about.

    n.the main theme or topic of a conversation, book, or work of art.

    Simple

    The subject of the meeting was the new office budget.

    In context

    The documentary explores a difficult subject with great sensitivity, focusing on the lives of families displaced by the recent floods.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    n.an area of knowledge that you study at school or university.

    n.a branch of knowledge or an academic discipline studied in an educational institution.

    Simple

    Math was always my favorite subject when I was in high school.

    In context

    Students are encouraged to choose at least one science subject to ensure a well-rounded academic foundation before they specialise.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic Science

    n.a person or animal that is being studied in an experiment.

    n.an individual or entity that is the focus of medical, psychological, or scientific testing.

    Simple

    The subjects in the sleep study were asked to keep a daily journal.

    In context

    Researchers monitored the subjects for six months to determine if the new medication had any long-term side effects on blood pressure.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal

    n.a person who lives in a country ruled by a king or queen.

    n.a person who resides in a state and owes allegiance to a monarch or sovereign power.

    Simple

    The king addressed his subjects from the balcony of the palace.

    In context

    As a British subject living abroad, he was still entitled to certain protections from the embassy during the crisis.

  5. 05 B2 Upper Intermediate

    v.to make someone experience something unpleasant.

    v.to cause someone or something to undergo a specific, usually negative, experience or treatment.

    Simple

    The prisoners were subjected to very cold temperatures during the night.

    In context

    The new aircraft wing was subjected to extreme pressure in the laboratory to ensure it would not fail during a storm.

    Usage

    Takes the preposition 'to' followed by a noun.

  6. 06 B2 Upper Intermediate Formal

    adj.only happening if something else happens first.

    adj.conditional upon or depending on something else.

    Simple

    The outdoor party is subject to the weather being good on Saturday.

    In context

    The sale of the property is subject to a final building inspection and the approval of the bank loan.

    Usage

    Followed by the preposition 'to'.

  7. 07 B2 Upper Intermediate

    adj.likely to be affected by something, usually something bad.

    adj.having a tendency to be affected by or to experience something unpleasant.

    Simple

    This area is subject to flooding during the heavy rain in winter.

    In context

    Flights in this region are often subject to delays because of the unpredictable mountain fog.

    Usage

    Followed by the preposition 'to'.

Usage subject matter · subject to the finalization · subject of one

Pilots at the airline's budget arm, Air India Express, will also be subject to the tests from Thursday.

BBC News· 13 Aug 2026

There are very few studies on the subject.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English subget, from Old French suget, from Latin subiectus (“lying under or near, adjacent, also subject, exposed”), as a noun, subiectus (“a subject, an inferior”), subiectum (“the subject of a proposition”), past participle of subiciō (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”), as a calque of Ancient Greek ὑποκείμενον (hupokeímenon).

Etymology 2

From Latin subiectus (“a subject, an inferior”), subiectum (“the subject of a proposition”), past participle of subiciō (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).

Etymology 3

From Medieval Latin subiectō, iterative of subiciō (“throw, lay, place”), from sub (“under, at the foot of”) + iaciō (“throw, hurl”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Ancient Greek ὑποκείμενον
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Very common
Updated