Definitions
01large size
A1 · Beginner
adj. having a large size or being very heavy.
adj. of considerable size, extent, or intensity. Usually gradable.
“They live in a big house with five bedrooms and a garden.”
“The developers proposed a big expansion of the shopping centre, despite local concerns regarding increased traffic congestion.”
Pitfall
I have a big brother.
I have an older brother.
While 'big brother' is common, use 'older' to talk specifically about age rather than physical size.
02important
A2 · Elementary Business
adj. important or powerful.
adj. significant, influential, or prominent within a particular context.
“This is a big decision that will change your whole life.”
“Securing the contract with the national health service was a big win for the startup, ensuring their financial stability for the next decade.”
Synonyms
Antonyms
03older
A2 · Elementary Informal
adj. older or more adult, often used when talking to children.
adj. denoting an older sibling or a child who has reached a certain level of maturity.
“You are a big girl now, so you can tie your own shoes.”
“The teacher encouraged the big kids to help the toddlers during the joint playground session.”
Synonyms
04popular
B1 · Intermediate Informal
adj. very popular or successful.
adj. highly successful or widely popular in a specific market or culture.
“K-pop is really big in Europe right now.”
“The brand became big in the mid-nineties after several high-profile celebrities were spotted wearing their signature denim jackets.”
05enthusiastic
B1 · Intermediate Informal
adj. liking something very much.
adj. demonstrating strong interest or enthusiasm for a particular activity or subject.
“My brother is a big fan of old jazz music.”
“Although she isn't big on team sports, she spends several hours every morning training for long-distance marathons.”
Usage
Usually followed by the preposition 'on'.
Synonyms
06sinister influence
C1 · Advanced Business Humorous · Informal
adj. used to describe large companies that have too much power.
adj. referring to large-scale corporate or industrial interests, often implying a cynical or manipulative influence.
“Some people are worried about the power of Big Tech companies.”
“The documentary investigates how Big Oil lobbied against environmental regulations throughout the late twentieth century.”
Usage
Usually capitalized and placed before a noun like 'Pharma', 'Tech', or 'Oil'.
07on a large scale
B2 · Upper Intermediate Informal
adv. in a way that is large or successful.
adv. to a great extent or on a large scale; often used with verbs like 'think' or 'win'.
“If you want to succeed in business, you have to think big.”
“The venture capitalist advised the founders to dream big but maintain a rigorous focus on their immediate quarterly targets.”
Synonyms
Antonyms
08important person
C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Slang
n. an important or powerful person in a group.
n. an individual of importance, power, or influence within a specific hierarchy.
“He's one of the bigs in the advertising world.”
“After years in the minor leagues, the pitcher finally got the call to join the bigs in New York.”
Teaching tip
Often used in the phrase 'the bigs' to refer to the major leagues in sports.
Antonyms
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “big” in context.
Etymology
Inherited from Northern Middle English big, bigge (“powerful, strong”), possibly from a dialect of Old Norse. Ultimately perhaps a derivative of Proto-Germanic bugja- (“swollen up, thick”), from Proto-Indo-European bʰew-, *bu- (“to swell”), in which case big would be related to bogey, bugbear, and bug. Compare dialectal Norwegian bugge (“great man”), Low German Bögge, Boggelmann.
From Middle English biggen, byggen, from Old Norse byggja, byggva (“to build, dwell in, inhabit”), a secondary form of Old Norse búa (“to dwell”), related to Old English būan (“to dwell”). Cognate with Danish bygge, Swedish bygga.
From Middle English byge, from Old Norse bygg (“barley, probably Hordeum vulgare, common barley”), from Proto-Germanic *bewwuz (“crop, barley”). Cognate with Old English bēow (“barley”).
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
Related words
Idioms
01. big boy
02. big boys
03. big break
04. big bucks
05. big cheese
06. big deal
07. big dick energy
08. big end of town
09. big fat
10. big fish
Show all 46
12. big girl
13. big gun
14. big hand
15. big head
16. big kahuna
17. big mad
18. big money
19. big mouth
20. big name
21. big ol'
22. big old
23. big ole
24. big screen
25. big shop
26. big shot
27. big sleep
28. big spender
29. big talk
30. big tamale
31. big tent
32. big wheel
33. bite the big one
34. catch big air
37. hit it big
38. hit the big time
39. knee-deep in the Big Muddy
43. pigs ears
44. suck a big one
Domain
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224
- Frequency
- Very common
- Level
- A1 · BeginnerOxford
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/big
「カタカナ語」 data: JMdict (EDRDG), CC BY-SA 4.0