English Reference

Word

common

Phoneticscom·mon, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈkɑmən/

UK/kˈɒmən/

Definitions

01happening often

A1 · Beginner

adj. happening many times or found in many places.

adj. occurring frequently or found in large numbers; prevalent within a specific context.

“Colds are very common during the winter months.”

“It is a common misconception that all desert environments are hot, as many experience freezing temperatures during the night.”

Antonyms

02shared

A2 · Elementary

adj. belonging to or shared by two or more people.

adj. shared by, coming from, or done by more than one person or group.

“The two countries share a common language and history.”

“The project succeeded because all departments worked toward a common goal, setting aside their individual priorities for the collective good.”

03ordinary

B1 · Intermediate

adj. normal or plain; not special or high-ranking.

adj. lacking distinction or rank; ordinary or unremarkable in quality.

“The common sparrow can be seen in almost every garden.”

“Despite his vast wealth, he preferred the common comforts of a small cottage to the grandeur of a palace.”

04impolite

B2 · Upper Intermediate British English

adj. behaving in a way that is not polite or shows a lack of education.

adj. denoting a lack of social refinement or perceived lower-class manners; often used pejoratively.

“She thought his loud shouting in the restaurant was very common.”

“The headmistress considered such slang to be common and strictly forbade its use within the school grounds.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

05legal tradition

C1 · Advanced Law Technical

adj. describing laws that come from old traditions and court decisions rather than new written laws.

adj. pertaining to a legal system based on custom and court precedents rather than codified statutes.

“In some places, a common law marriage is recognized after a couple lives together for years.”

“The judge's ruling was based on common law principles that had been established over several centuries of judicial history.”

Antonyms

06public land

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun British English

n. an area of grassy land in a town or village that everyone can use.

n. a tract of open land available for public use or historically used for collective grazing.

“People often walk their dogs on the village common.”

“The local council debated whether to allow the travelling circus to set up their tents on the town common this summer.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “common” in context.

01. common ancestor 02. common sense 03. common ground 04. common origin 05. extremely common 06. fairly common 07. increasingly common 08. particularly common 09. quite common 10. relatively common 11. common among people 12. common pattern

Real-World Examples

“Superficially, common sense seems easy to define: it is generally seen as knowledge or beliefs that are obvious – or should be obvious – to everyone.”
New Scientist 24 Sept 2024

Etymology

From Middle English comun, from Anglo-Norman comun, from Old French comun (rare in the Gallo-Romance languages, but reinforced as a Carolingian calque of Proto-West Germanic gamainī (“common”) in Old French), from Latin commūnis (“common, public, general”), from Proto-Indo-European ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”). Displaced native Middle English imene, ȝemǣne (“common, general, universal”) (from Old English ġemǣne (“common, universal”)), Middle English mene, mǣne (“mean, common”) (also from Old English ġemǣne (“common, universal”)), Middle English samen, somen (“in common, together”) (from Old English samen (“together”)). Doublet of gmina and mean.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

Idioms

Domains

GrammarLaw

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A1 MoversIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.2.0–3.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 1.0–1.50–23TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.120–224
Frequency
Very common
Level
A1 · BeginnerOxford
Updated

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