English Reference
adjective · noun

common

adj. · n.
US /ˈkɑmən/ UK /kˈɒmən/ com·mon UK spelling commoned, commoning

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    adj.happening many times or found in many places.

    adj.occurring frequently or found in large numbers; prevalent within a specific context.

    Simple

    Colds are very common during the winter months.

    In context

    It is a common misconception that all desert environments are hot, as many experience freezing temperatures during the night.

  2. 02 A2 Elementary

    adj.belonging to or shared by two or more people.

    adj.shared by, coming from, or done by more than one person or group.

    Simple

    The two countries share a common language and history.

    In context

    The project succeeded because all departments worked toward a common goal, setting aside their individual priorities for the collective good.

  3. 03 B1 Intermediate

    adj.normal or plain; not special or high-ranking.

    adj.lacking distinction or rank; ordinary or unremarkable in quality.

    Simple

    The common sparrow can be seen in almost every garden.

    In context

    Despite his vast wealth, he preferred the common comforts of a small cottage to the grandeur of a palace.

  4. 04 B2 Upper Intermediate British English

    adj.behaving in a way that is not polite or shows a lack of education.

    adj.denoting a lack of social refinement or perceived lower-class manners; often used pejoratively.

    Simple

    She thought his loud shouting in the restaurant was very common.

    In context

    The headmistress considered such slang to be common and strictly forbade its use within the school grounds.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Technical Law

    adj.describing laws that come from old traditions and court decisions rather than new written laws.

    adj.pertaining to a legal system based on custom and court precedents rather than codified statutes.

    Simple

    In some places, a common law marriage is recognized after a couple lives together for years.

    In context

    The judge's ruling was based on common law principles that had been established over several centuries of judicial history.

  6. 06 B1 Intermediate British English

    n.an area of grassy land in a town or village that everyone can use.

    n.a tract of open land available for public use or historically used for collective grazing.

    Simple

    People often walk their dogs on the village common.

    In context

    The local council debated whether to allow the travelling circus to set up their tents on the town common this summer.

Usage common ancestor · common sense · common ground


From Middle English comun, from Anglo-Norman comun, from Old French comun (rare in the Gallo-Romance languages, but reinforced as a Carolingian calque of Proto-West Germanic gamainī (“common”) in Old French), from Latin commūnis (“common, public, general”), from Proto-Indo-European ḱom-moy-ni-s (“held in common”), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to exchange, change”). Displaced native Middle English imene, ȝemǣne (“common, general, universal”) (from Old English ġemǣne (“common, universal”)), Middle English mene, mǣne (“mean, common”) (also from Old English ġemǣne (“common, universal”)), Middle English samen, somen (“in common, together”) (from Old English samen (“together”)). Doublet of gmina and mean.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin ine-pro *mey-
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Very common
Updated