English Reference

Word

dig

US/ˈdɪɡ/

UK/dˈɪɡ/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

dig

Past

dug

Past participle

dug

Definitions

01to move earth

A2 · Elementary

v. to move soil or sand to make a hole, usually with your hands or a tool.

v. to break up, turn over, or remove earth or other material, typically with a tool or claws.

“The dog started to dig a hole in the garden to hide its bone.”

“The construction crew had to dig deep into the clay to lay a stable foundation for the new skyscraper.”

Synonyms

excavatescoophollow out

Antonyms

02to investigate

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to search for information or secrets.

v. to investigate or research intensively to uncover hidden information, often followed by 'up' or 'into'.

“The reporter began to dig into the company's history to find the truth.”

“Journalists continued to dig for evidence of corruption, eventually uncovering a series of offshore accounts linked to the ministry.”

03to like or understand

C1 · Advanced Informal · Slang

v. to enjoy, appreciate, or understand something.

v. to appreciate, enjoy, or comprehend something; carries a distinct mid-20th-century counterculture nuance.

“I really dig your new jacket; where did you get it?”

“While the older generation found the rhythm chaotic, the younger fans really seemed to dig the experimental jazz fusion.”

Antonyms

04archaeological site

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. a place where people search for old objects from history.

n. an archaeological or paleontological excavation site or the project itself.

“The students spent their summer working at a Roman dig in France.”

“The university-led dig yielded several significant artefacts that challenged previous theories about the settlement's age.”

Synonyms

05sarcastic remark

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Informal

n. a clever but slightly mean comment about someone.

n. a critical, sarcastic, or insulting remark aimed at a person.

“He couldn't resist taking a dig at her messy desk.”

“Her speech was mostly professional, though she did include a subtle dig at her rival's failed policy initiative.”

Synonyms

Antonyms

06a poke

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. a quick push with a finger or elbow.

n. a sharp poke or thrust, often with an elbow or finger.

“She gave him a dig in the ribs to make him stop talking.”

“A sharp dig in the elbow was the only way to get his attention during the long, long, boring lecture.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “dig” in context.

Verb

01. dig a hole

“The dog spent the whole afternoon digging a hole in the middle of the flower bed.”

verb + noun

02. dig deep

“The team had to dig deep to find the energy to win in the final minutes.”

verb + adv

03. dig for information

“Journalists began to dig for information regarding the company's offshore accounts.”

verb + prep + noun

04. dig into the past

“The biographer spent years digging into the past life of the reclusive author.”

verb + prep + adj + noun

Noun

05. archaeological dig

“Volunteers are welcome to join the archaeological dig at the Roman villa this summer.”

adj + noun

06. dig at his rival

“During the debate, the candidate took a subtle dig at his rival's lack of experience.”

noun + prep + noun

Preposition

07. at a dig

“The students found several ancient coins while working at a dig in Greece.”

prep + noun

Real-World Examples

“Maybe I’ll pin my hopes on new competitor Paralives , or dig out my old (already paid for, offline only) physical copies of the original The Sims.”
The Guardian 19 Aug 2026
“How did this happen and how do we dig ourselves out?”
The Guardian 15 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English diggen (“to dig”, 13th c.), an alteration of dīken, from Old English dīcian (“to dig a ditch, mound up earth”), from Proto-West Germanic dīkōn, which see for cognates. This verb is denominal from Proto-Germanic dīkaz (“pool, puddle; dyke, ditch”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeygʷ- (“to stab, dig”). The form with g may have been influenced by Old French *diguer, a variant of dikier, itself from the West Germanic verb above. French forms with g are attested only in the 15th c., thus 200 years later than in English. On the other hand, French has according forms also for the underlying noun (cf. digue) and the phonetic development is more plausible in French than in English.

From African American Vernacular English; due to lack of writing of slave speech, etymology is difficult to trace, but it has been suggested that it is from Wolof dëgg, dëgga (“to understand, to appreciate”). It has also been suggested that it is from Irish dtuig, thus being a doublet of twig. Others do not propose a distinct etymology, instead considering this a semantic shift of the existing English term (compare dig in/dig into).

Shortening.

Unknown. Compare Middle English digge.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

dig(B2)

Related words

Idioms

Domains

MedicineMiningMusic

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Common
Level
B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference