English Reference
adjective · verb

dirty

adj. · v.
US /ˈdɝti/ UK /dˈɜːti/ dirty UK spelling dirtied, dirties

  1. 01 A1 Beginner

    adj.covered with dirt, mud, or something else that is not clean.

    adj.soiled or stained with physical impurities such as grime, dust, or mud.

    Simple

    Don't sit on the sofa in those dirty clothes after playing outside.

    In context

    The mechanic's hands were permanently stained with dirty oil, a testament to decades spent repairing heavy machinery in the workshop.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate

    adj.unfair, dishonest, or breaking the rules.

    adj.violating accepted standards of fairness, ethics, or legality.

    Simple

    The politician was accused of using dirty tricks to win the election.

    In context

    The investigation revealed a series of dirty financial deals that had been hidden from the board of directors for years.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Informal

    adj.related to sex in a way that some people find offensive or rude.

    adj.morally offensive, indecent, or lewd, particularly in a sexual context.

    Simple

    He was embarrassed when his friend told a dirty joke at the dinner table.

    In context

    The censors demanded that several dirty passages be removed from the manuscript before it could be approved for general publication.

  4. 04 C1 Advanced Informal Cooking

    adj.used to describe a cocktail, like a martini, that has olive juice in it.

    adj.referring to a cocktail, typically a martini, prepared with the addition of olive brine or juice.

    Simple

    She ordered a dirty martini with extra olives at the hotel bar.

    In context

    The bartender noted that a truly dirty martini requires high-quality brine to balance the botanical notes of the gin.

  5. 05 C1 Advanced Slang Cooking

    adj.used to describe food that is very high in fat or calories but tastes great.

    adj.referring to food that is highly indulgent, often featuring excessive toppings or high caloric density.

    Simple

    We went out for dirty fries covered in cheese and bacon after the game.

    In context

    The menu specialized in dirty burgers, attracting a late-night crowd looking for maximalist comfort food.

  6. 06 C1 Advanced Technical Music

    adj.having unwanted background noise or distortion in a recording.

    adj.characterised by unwanted signal noise, distortion, or lack of acoustic clarity.

    Simple

    The producer wanted a dirty guitar sound for the rock track.

    In context

    The engineer spent hours trying to clean up the dirty audio feed from the remote location before the broadcast went live.

  7. 07 B1 Intermediate

    v.to make something become not clean.

    v.to soil or stain something; to cause a surface to become physically unclean.

    Simple

    Try not to dirty your new shoes while walking through the park.

    In context

    The children managed to dirty the white carpet within minutes of arriving home from their rainy football practice.


From Middle English dirti, alteration of earlier dritti, equivalent to dirt + -y. Cognate with Middle Low German drēterich (“dirty”). See also drite.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Middle English dirti
Level A1 · Beginner
Frequency Common
Updated