English Reference
noun

hostilities

n.
US /hɑˈstɪɫətiz/ UK /həstˈɪlɪtiz/ hos·til·i·ties

  1. 01 C1 Advanced Formal

    fighting between two countries or groups during a war.

    acts of overt warfare or armed conflict between opposing military forces.

    Simple

    The two countries agreed to end hostilities and begin peace talks.

    In context

    Hostilities broke out along the border despite months of diplomatic efforts to maintain the fragile ceasefire.

    Usage

    Always used in the plural form when referring to military conflict.

    Teacher's tip

    Learners should note that while 'hostility' (singular) refers to a feeling of hatred, 'hostilities' (plural) almost always refers to physical fighting in a war.

  2. 02 C1 Advanced Formal

    plural form of hostility; strong feelings of not liking someone or being unfriendly.

    the pluralized expression of deep-seated ill will, antagonism, or unfriendliness.

    Simple

    It was hard to work in an office where personal hostilities were so common.

    In context

    The mediator spent hours addressing the long-standing hostilities between the two rival families before they could discuss the property dispute.

    Usage

    Used as the plural of the abstract noun 'hostility'.

    Teacher's tip

    In this sense, the word describes multiple instances or types of unfriendly feelings rather than physical combat.

Hostilities are rising between Iran-backed Houthis and Yemen's internationally recognised government.

Al Jazeera· 14 Aug 2026

Some 6,000 crew members and 500 vessels are still believed to be trapped, almost six months since months since hostilities began, with around 2,900 individuals evacuated to date .

UN News· 12 Aug 2026
This entry
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated