English Reference

Word

motion

Phoneticsmo·tion

US/ˈmoʊʃən/

UK/mˈəʊʃən/

Definitions

01physical movement

B1 · Physics

n. the act or process of moving from one place to another.

n. the action or process of moving or being moved; physical displacement over time.

“The rocking motion of the boat made several passengers feel a bit sick.”

“The laws of physics describe how forces act upon an object to change its state of motion or rest.”

Antonyms

02formal proposal

B2

n. a formal suggestion that a group should vote on in a meeting.

n. a formal proposal put to a legislature or meeting for debate and a subsequent vote.

“The committee passed a motion to increase the budget for the new library.”

“After a heated debate, the board rejected the motion to dissolve the subcommittee, citing a lack of alternative oversight.”

Formal

03legal request

C1 · Law

n. a formal request made to a judge to make a decision or take an action.

n. a formal application made to a court or judge for an order or a ruling.

“The lawyer filed a motion to dismiss the case due to a lack of evidence.”

“The defence attorney submitted a motion for a change of venue, arguing that local media coverage had prejudiced the potential jury pool.”

Formal · Technical

04success and status

C2

n. having success, money, or influence that others admire.

n. a state of having significant momentum, success, or social influence, often associated with wealth.

“He started his own business and now he's really got motion in this city.”

“The young entrepreneur's rapid rise in the tech world gave him the kind of motion that attracted major investors overnight.”

Slang

05digestion

C1 · Medicine

n. the act of passing waste from the body.

n. an evacuation of the bowels; the act of defecating.

“The doctor asked the patient if they had experienced a regular bowel motion.”

“Post-operative care instructions included monitoring the patient for their first bowel motion to ensure the digestive system had resumed normal function.”

Formal · Technical

Synonyms

06to gesture

B2

v. to make a movement with your hand or head to tell someone what to do.

v. to direct or command someone by making a gesture.

“The waiter motioned for us to follow him to a table near the window.”

“The usher motioned the latecomers toward the side aisle, whispering that they should wait for the intermission before finding their assigned seats.”

Usage

often followed by a preposition like 'to' or 'towards'

Real-World Examples

“C re-enacted the motion in court, shaking his head and saying “no, no, no, no” repeatedly.”
The Guardian · 14 Aug 2026
“This upward motion creates a powerful current of air known as an updraft .”
The Conversation · 30 Jul 2026

Etymology

Inherited from Middle English mocioun, mocion, from Anglo-Norman motion, Middle French motion, and their etymon Latin mōtiō (“movement, motion”), related to movēre, from Proto-Indo-European *m(y)ewh₁- (“to move”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Related words

Idioms

Brownian motion — A state of chaos or disarray.

go through the motions — To do something in a mechanical, unreflective manner, especially as a matter of routine and without commitment or enthusiasm; to perform a task perfunctorily.

motion of someone's ocean — The way someone moves during sex.

poetry in motion — Fluid, graceful movement.

set in motion — To trigger movement or progress; to get going.

set the wheels in motion — to initiate a chain of events necessary to help one achieve a goal (more quickly)

Domains

LawMusicPhilosophyPhysics

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Common
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference