English Reference
adverb · adjective · noun

overhead

adv. · adj. · n.
US /ˈoʊvɝˈhɛd/ over·head UK spelling overheads

  1. 01 B1 Intermediate

    adv.above your head or in the sky.

    adv.in a location directly above the observer or in the sky.

    Simple

    A large bird circled slowly overhead in the clear blue sky.

    In context

    The thunder rumbled directly overhead, shaking the windows of the old house and startling the residents.

  2. 02 B1 Intermediate

    adj.placed or happening above you.

    adj.situated or occurring above the head or in the upper part of a space.

    Simple

    The plane has large overhead bins for your carry-on luggage.

    In context

    The city replaced the old overhead power lines with underground cables to improve the aesthetic of the historic district.

  3. 03 B2 Upper Intermediate Accounting

    n.the regular costs of running a business, like rent and electricity, that are not for specific products.

    n.the ongoing administrative and operational expenses of a business which cannot be attributed to any specific unit of output.

    Simple

    The shop had to close because the monthly overhead was too high.

    In context

    By automating the billing process, the firm managed to reduce its administrative overhead and improve overall profitability.

    Usage

    Usually used as an uncountable noun in this sense.

    operating costsfixed costs
    direct costs
  4. 04 C1 Advanced Technical Computing

    n.extra time or memory a computer uses to manage a task rather than doing the task itself.

    n.the processing time, memory, or bandwidth required to coordinate or facilitate a task rather than to perform the task itself.

    Simple

    The new security software adds a lot of overhead to the system.

    In context

    The developer sought to minimize the communication overhead between the distributed servers to ensure low latency for the end users.

    processing cost
  5. 05 C2 Proficiency Technical Nautical

    n.the ceiling of a room inside a ship.

    n.the underside of a deck, forming the ceiling of a cabin or compartment below.

    Simple

    The sailor had to duck his head to avoid hitting the overhead.

    In context

    The pipes were mounted along the overhead of the engine room to keep the walkway clear for the crew.

  6. 06 B2 Upper Intermediate Archaic

    n.a clear plastic sheet used to show images on a wall with a special machine.

    n.a transparent sheet containing text or images for use with an overhead projector.

    Simple

    The teacher wrote the math problems on an overhead so the whole class could see.

    In context

    Before the era of digital presentations, speakers would often carry a folder full of hand-drawn overheads to their lectures.

    Teacher's tip

    This sense is largely obsolete in modern offices and schools due to the rise of digital projectors and screens.

A video shared by ZBC on Tuesday showed several people appearing to be sitting on the upturned ferry, while at least four speedboats came to their aid and a helicopter circled overhead.

The Guardian· 12 Aug 2026

The meteors appear to come from this part of the sky, but they can streak across almost any direction, so viewers should scan a wide area overhead.

ScienceDaily· 5 Aug 2026

Etymology 1

From Middle English owerheved, over-hed, over hede (adverb), from Old English oferhēafod (adverb), equivalent to over- + head. Compare German Low German overhoopt, överhoopt, German überhaupt. Piecewise doublet of overchief.

Etymology 2

(Sense 1) Abbreviation of overhead projector. : (Sense 2) Back-formation from overhead projector.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English oferhēafod
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated