English Reference

Word

protagonist

Phoneticspro·tag·o·nist, stress on the second syllable

US/pɹoʊˈtæɡənəst/

UK/pɹəʊtˈæɡənˌɪst/

Definitions

01main character

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Theater

n. the main character in a book, film, or play.

n. the principal character in a literary work, film, or drama, around whom the plot revolves.

“In the novel, the protagonist must decide between his family and his career.”

“The author challenges traditional tropes by creating a protagonist whose moral ambiguity makes it difficult for the audience to offer their full sympathy.”

Synonyms

02leader or advocate

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Formal

n. an important person who leads a movement or supports a particular cause.

n. a leading figure, advocate, or champion of a particular cause, movement, or course of action.

“She was a key protagonist in the fight for better working conditions.”

“Historians identify him as a central protagonist in the reform movement, noting his ability to unify disparate political factions under a single banner.”

Real-World Examples

“Simply by making affluent black Africans the protagonists, she says she has opened many people's eyes.”
BBC News 14 Aug 2026
“Metroid turned 40 at the end of last week – and so did Samus Aran, one of the earliest female protagonists in video games.”
The Guardian 12 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πρωταγωνιστής (prōtagōnistḗs, “a chief actor”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs, “a combatant, pleader, actor”). By surface analysis, prot- (“first”) + agonist (“combatant, participant”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Related words

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
Frequency
Frequent
Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Updated

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