English Reference

Word

serial

Phoneticsse·ri·al, stress on the first syllable

US/ˈsɪˌɹiəɫ/

UK/sˈiəɹɪəl/

Definitions

01sequential

B2 · Upper Intermediate Academic

adj. happening in a specific order or series.

adj. arranged in or consisting of a series; following a chronological or logical sequence.

“The computer processes the data in serial order, one piece after another.”

“The processor handles instructions in a serial fashion, ensuring that each task is completed before the subsequent operation begins.”

Usage

Often used in technical or academic contexts to contrast with 'parallel'.

Antonyms

02habitual or repeating

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. doing the same thing many times, often used for crimes or bad habits.

adj. performing a specified action or course of action repeatedly or regularly over a period of time.

“The police finally caught the serial thief who had been robbing houses for months.”

“Psychologists studied the serial offender to understand the behavioral patterns that led to such frequent recidivism.”

Antonyms

one-offoccasional

03in installments

B2 · Upper Intermediate

adj. published or shown in several parts over a period of time.

adj. published, broadcast, or produced in successive installments.

“The magazine is publishing a serial story that continues every month.”

“The author gained fame through the serial publication of his novels in Victorian literary journals.”

04a story in parts

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a story, radio show, or TV programme that is told in many separate parts.

n. a literary or dramatic work published or broadcast in regular installments.

“I missed the last part of the serial, so I don't know how the story ended.”

“The television serial captivated the nation for ten weeks, culminating in a finale that broke all previous viewing records.”

05software key

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Computing Slang · Informal

n. a code or number you need to make a computer program work.

n. a serial number, specifically a unique alphanumeric string required to activate or register software.

“I lost the serial for my photo editing software and couldn't reinstall it.”

“The user was unable to bypass the activation screen because the serial provided in the documentation was invalid.”

Synonyms

license keyproduct key

06to assign a number

C1 · Advanced Technical · Formal

v. to give a unique number to something in a series.

v. to assign a serial number to an item, typically for tracking or identification purposes.

“The factory serials every engine before it is shipped to the customer.”

“The aviation authority requires manufacturers to serial every critical component to ensure traceability in the event of mechanical failure.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “serial” in context.

Adjective

01. serial offender

“The judge decided on a harsher sentence because the defendant was a serial offender with a long history of similar crimes.”

adj + noun

02. serial publication

“The library maintains an extensive archive of every serial publication released by the university since 1920.”

adj + noun

Noun

03. serial entrepreneur

“As a serial entrepreneur, she has successfully launched and sold three different tech startups in the last decade.”

adj + noun

04. serial killer

“The documentary explores the psychological profile of the notorious serial killer who terrorized the city in the 1970s.”

adj + noun

05. serial monogamist

“He describes himself as a serial monogamist, moving quickly from one long-term relationship to the next.”

adj + noun

06. serial number

“Please provide the serial number located on the back of your laptop to verify your warranty status.”

adj + noun

Real-World Examples

“The British writer is known for his unique ability to get inside the heads of serial killers.”
The Guardian 15 Aug 2026
“Phillips played a key role in pioneering these scripted serials, with their melodramatic, open-ended stories about romance and domestic life.”
Smithsonian Magazine 16 Jun 2026

Etymology

Formed as series + -al, on model of Latin seriālis, from seriēs + -ālis. Cognate to Italian seriale. First use appears c. 1823. See cite below.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

ADJECTIVE

serial(C1)

Idioms

Domains

ComputingGrammar

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Common
Level
C1 · AdvancedOxford
Updated

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