English Reference

Word

sheath

US/ˈʃiθ/

UK/ʃˈiːθ/

Definitions

01cover for a blade

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a protective case for a sword, knife, or other sharp blade.

n. a close-fitting cover for a blade, traditionally made of leather or metal.

“The hunter slid his knife back into its leather sheath after cleaning the fish.”

“The ceremonial sword was housed in a gold-plated sheath, intricately engraved with scenes from the kingdom's history.”

Synonyms

scabbardcaseholster

02cable insulation

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Technology Technical

n. the outer layer of plastic or rubber that protects an electrical wire.

n. the protective outer covering of an electrical cable or wire, providing insulation and mechanical protection.

“The electrician noticed that the plastic sheath of the wire was cracked.”

“Heavy-duty industrial cables require a reinforced sheath to withstand the extreme temperatures and friction of the factory floor.”

03a style of dress

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun

n. a type of tight-fitting dress that follows the shape of a woman's body.

n. a close-fitting, straight-cut dress, often sleeveless and typically ending near the knee.

“She wore a simple black sheath dress to the cocktail party.”

“The designer's spring collection featured silk sheath dresses that emphasised a minimalist silhouette through precise tailoring.”

Synonyms

shift dress

04plant or animal covering

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Science Technical

n. a natural covering on a plant or animal, like the base of a leaf on a stem.

n. an enveloping tubular structure, such as the base of a grass leaf or a protective membrane in animal anatomy.

“In many types of grass, the leaf forms a sheath around the stem.”

“The nerve fibres are protected by a myelin sheath, which is essential for the rapid transmission of electrical impulses.”

Synonyms

05a condom

C1 · Advanced Countable noun Medicine British English · Informal

n. a rubber cover used during sex for protection.

n. a contraceptive device worn over the penis.

“The clinic provides free sheaths and health advice to young adults.”

“Public health campaigns in the 1980s often used the term sheath as a more formal or clinical alternative to common slang.”

Teaching tip

This term is somewhat dated or clinical in many regions; 'condom' is the standard term used in modern English.

Real-World Examples

“One of the dinosaur's claws was unearthed with its keratinous sheath still preserved.”
CNN 25 Mar 2025
“In adult brains, the researchers detected changes in myelination that could be traced to thicker myelin sheaths, particularly around thin axons.”
ScienceDaily 14 Aug 2026

Etymology

From Middle English sheth, shethe (“holder for a sword, knife, etc., scabbard, sheath”) [and other forms], from Old English sċēaþ (“sheath”), from Proto-West Germanic skaiþiju, from Proto-Germanic skaiþiz (“sheath; covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to dissect, split”) (possibly from the notion of a split stick with a sword inserted). The English word is cognate with Danish skede, Dutch schede, Icelandic skeið, German Scheide, Low German scheed, Norwegian skjede.

A variant of sheathe.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Domains

BotanyZoology

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.C1 AdvancedIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.7.0–8.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 5.0–5.595–113TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.945–990
Frequency
Occasional
Level
C1 · Advanced
Updated

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English Reference