English Reference

Word

sign

US/ˈsaɪn/

UK/sˈaɪn/

Definitions

01a physical notice

A2 · Elementary Countable noun

n. a board or notice with words or pictures that gives information or instructions.

n. a physical object, typically a board or placard, displaying a message, warning, or direction.

“The road sign told the driver to turn left at the next junction.”

“The local council erected a prominent sign warning pedestrians that the coastal path was prone to erosion during the winter months.”

02evidence or indication

A2 · Elementary Countable noun

n. something that shows that a situation exists or is likely to happen.

n. an indicator or piece of evidence suggesting the presence, existence, or imminence of something.

“Dark clouds are often a sign that it will rain soon.”

“Economists noted that the sudden increase in consumer spending was a clear sign of returning confidence in the national market.”

03a gesture or symbol

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun

n. a movement of your hand or a mark that has a special meaning.

n. a gesture, mark, or symbol used to represent a specific meaning or to communicate without speech.

“He gave a thumbs-up sign to show that everything was okay.”

“The referee made a specific hand sign to indicate that the goal had been disallowed due to an earlier foul.”

04astrology

B1 · Intermediate Countable noun Religion

n. one of the twelve areas of the zodiac, like Leo or Taurus.

n. any of the twelve divisions of the zodiac, used in astrology to predict character or future events.

“What is your star sign? I was born in April, so I am an Aries.”

“Although she claimed not to believe in astrology, she still checked the predictions for her sign in the Sunday newspaper.”

Synonyms

zodiac signstar sign

05mathematical polarity

B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun Mathematics Technical

n. the symbol + or - used to show if a number is positive or negative.

n. the property of being positive or negative, represented by the plus or minus symbol.

“If you change the sign from minus to plus, the answer will be different.”

“The student failed to notice the negative sign before the bracket, which led to a cumulative error in the final calculation.”

Synonyms

06to write a signature

A2 · Elementary

v. to write your name on a document to show that you agree with it.

v. to write one's signature on a document to formalise, approve, or acknowledge it.

“You need to sign the contract at the bottom of the last page.”

“The treaty was finally signed by all representatives after three days of intensive negotiations in the capital.”

Pitfall

Please sign on this paper.

Please sign this paper.

The verb 'sign' is usually transitive; you sign the document directly without using 'on'.

07to use sign language

B1 · Intermediate Linguistics

v. to communicate using your hands and gestures instead of speaking.

v. to communicate using a system of manual gestures, particularly as used by the deaf community.

“She learned how to sign so she could talk to her cousin who cannot hear.”

“The interpreter began to sign the speech simultaneously, ensuring the deaf members of the audience could follow the debate in real time.”

Synonyms

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “sign” in context.

01. sign in to continue 02. sign a new 03. signs of life 04. sign a contract 05. signs of foul 06. sign language 07. signs of progress 08. signs of trauma

Real-World Examples

“A US-Iran agreement to extend the ceasefire between the two countries has been signed and is now in effect, a White House official has confirmed to the BBC.”
BBC News 18 Jun 2026
“Senegal's President Bassirou Diomaye Faye has signed a new law doubling to 10 years the maximum prison term for sexual acts by same-sex couples.”
BBC News 1 Apr 2026
“A sign threatening residents with up to five years in jail if they are caught feeding birds has been put up in north-west London.”
BBC News 12 Mar 2026

Etymology

From Middle English signe, sygne, syng, seine, sine, syne, from Old English seġn (“sign; mark; token”) and Old French signe, seing (“sign; mark; signature”); both from Latin signum (“a mark; sign; token”); root uncertain. Doublet of signum. Partially displaced native token.

From Middle English signen, seinen, seinien, partly from Old English seġnian (“to mark; sign”) and partly from Anglo-Norman seigner, seiner et al., Old French signer et al., and their source Latin signāre (“to mark, seal, indicate, signify”); all from Latin signum (“a mark, sign”); see Etymology 1, above. Compare sain.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

Related words

Idioms

Domains

LinguisticsMathematicsMedicine

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.A2 KeyIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.3.0–4.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 2.0–2.524–43TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.225–549
Frequency
Very common
Level
A2 · ElementaryOxford
Updated

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