Word
spill
US/ˈspɪɫ/
UK/spˈɪl/
Irregular verb
Forms
Infinitive
spill
Past
spilled / spilt
Past participle
spilled / spilt
Definitions
01to pour accidentally
B1 · Intermediate
v. to accidentally let liquid or powder flow out of a container.
v. to cause a liquid or granular substance to flow or fall from a container, typically by accident.
日本語:こぼす※
“Be careful not to spill your juice on the new white rug.”
“The tanker spilled thousands of gallons of crude oil into the bay, causing an immediate environmental crisis for the local bird population.”
Pitfall
I spilled the coffee to my shirt.
I spilled the coffee on my shirt.
Use 'on' to describe the surface where the liquid landed.
02to reveal a secret
B2 · Upper Intermediate Informal
v. to tell someone a secret or private information.
v. to disclose confidential information, often used in the idiomatic phrase 'spill the beans'.
“I wasn't supposed to tell anyone, but I finally spilled the secret to my sister.”
“After hours of questioning, the witness finally spilled the details regarding the hidden accounts and the offshore transactions.”
03a mess of liquid
B1 · Intermediate Countable noun
n. an amount of liquid that has been accidentally poured out.
n. an instance of spilling or the quantity of substance that has been spilled.
“There is a large water spill in the hallway that someone needs to clean up.”
“The laboratory technician immediately followed the safety protocol to contain the chemical spill before it could reach the drainage system.”
04a fall
B2 · Upper Intermediate Countable noun
n. a fall from a bike, a horse, or a vehicle.
n. a fall or tumble, particularly from a horse or a moving vehicle.
“He took a nasty spill off his bicycle and bruised his knee.”
“The jockey was lucky to escape serious injury after taking a heavy spill during the final jump of the race.”
05a fire-lighting stick
C2 · Proficiency Countable noun Archaic
n. a thin piece of wood or paper used to move a flame from a fire to a candle.
n. a thin strip of wood or a twist of paper used for lighting a lamp, pipe, or fire.
“He used a wooden spill to light the candles on the high shelf.”
“Before the widespread availability of matches, households kept a jar of paper spills on the mantelpiece to transfer fire from the hearth.”
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “spill” in context.
Verb
01. accidentally spill the coffee
“I accidentally spilled the coffee all over my new white shirt during the meeting.”
adv + verb + noun
02. spill over into the street
“The crowd was so large that the protest began to spill over into the street.”
verb + adv + prep + noun
03. spill the beans about the party
“Don't tell Sarah anything yet; I don't want her to spill the beans about the surprise party.”
verb + noun + prep + noun
Noun
04. major oil spill
“Environmental groups are concerned about the long-term effects of the major oil spill in the gulf.”
adj + noun
05. nasty spill on the ice
“The professional skater took a nasty spill on the ice during her final rehearsal.”
adj + noun + prep + noun
Preposition
06. clean up the spill
“The janitor had to clean up the spill in the hallway before someone slipped.”
verb + adv + noun
Real-World Examples
“Some of those viruses, including viruses related to the cause of COVID-19, can spill over into humans.” “The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was one of the largest environmental disasters in U.S.” Etymology
From Middle English spillen, from Old English spillan, spildan (“to kill, destroy, waste”), from Proto-West Germanic spilþijan, from Proto-Germanic spilþijaną (“to spoil, kill, murder”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to sunder, split, rend, tear”). Cognate with Dutch spillen (“to use needlessly, waste”), French gaspiller ("to waste, squander" < Germanic), Bavarian spillen (“to split, cleave, splinter”), Danish spilde (“to spill, waste”), Swedish spilla (“to spill, waste”), Icelandic spilla (“to contaminate, spoil”). See also spool.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
VERB
NOUN
Idioms
02. spill ink
03. spill juice
04. spill one's guts
05. spill one's seed
06. spill the beans
07. spilt milk
Domains
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
- Frequency
- Frequent
- Level
- B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
- Updated
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QR code
englishreference.com/q/spill
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「日本語」 data: JMdict (EDRDG), CC BY-SA 4.0