ENGLISH
REFERENCE

spiral

n. · v. · adj.
US //ˈspaɪɹəɫ// UK //spˈaɪəɹəl// spi·ral
  1. 1 geometric shape (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate Math

    a curve that winds around a central point, getting wider as it goes.

    a curve on a plane that winds around a fixed center point at a continuously increasing or decreasing distance.

    Example

    The shell of the snail was a perfect brown spiral.

    Example

    The architect designed a grand spiral staircase that served as the focal point of the museum's central atrium.

  2. 2 uncontrolled situation (n.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    a situation that gets worse and worse very quickly and feels impossible to stop.

    a continuous and often accelerating decline or increase, typically one that is perceived as being out of control.

    Example

    The company entered a downward spiral after its main product failed.

    Example

    Economists feared that the rising cost of energy would trigger an inflationary spiral that the central bank could not easily contain.

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  1. 3 to change rapidly (v.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    to increase or decrease very quickly in a way that cannot be controlled.

    to increase or decrease rapidly and uncontrollably, often used in economic or emotional contexts.

    Example

    Prices began to spiral out of control during the summer months.

    Example

    After the scandal broke, the politician's approval ratings began to spiral, leading to an emergency meeting with his advisors.

  2. 4 shaped like a spiral (adj.)
    B2 Upper Intermediate

    having the shape of a curve that winds around a center.

    possessing a helical or spiral form; typically used as an attributive adjective before a noun.

    Example

    She bought a spiral notebook for her chemistry class.

    Example

    The galaxy's spiral arms contain a high concentration of young, blue stars and interstellar gas.

Origin

From Middle French spirale, from Medieval Latin spiralis, from Latin spīra, from Ancient Greek σπεῖρα (speîra, “wreath, coil, twist”).

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