English Reference
noun

descent

n.
US /dɪˈsɛnt/ UK /dɪsˈɛnt/ de·scent UK spelling descent's, descent's

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate

    the act of moving from a higher place to a lower one.

    the act or process of moving downwards from a higher altitude or position.

    Simple

    The plane began its final descent into the airport.

    In context

    The pilot requested a gradual descent to avoid the turbulence reported at lower altitudes by previous flights.

    dropfalldownward movement
  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate

    a path, road, or slope that goes down.

    a downward slope, incline, or a physical route leading to a lower level.

    Simple

    The descent from the mountain top was steep and rocky.

    In context

    The cyclists had to check their brakes frequently during the long, winding descent into the valley below.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    your family background or where your ancestors came from.

    the origin or background of a person in terms of family or nationality; lineage.

    Simple

    She is of Italian descent and speaks the language fluently.

    In context

    The historian traced the family's descent back to the seventeenth century, uncovering several notable figures in the process.

    Usage

    Often used with the preposition 'of'.

  4. 04 C1 Advanced Literary

    a change to a worse or lower condition.

    a metaphorical movement to a lower state, quality, or condition.

    Simple

    The book describes the king's descent into madness.

    In context

    The documentary chronicles the city's slow descent from an industrial powerhouse to a struggling urban centre.

  5. 05 C2 Proficiency LiteraryFormal

    a sudden visit or attack by a group of people.

    a sudden or violent attack, invasion, or unexpected visit.

    Simple

    The quiet village was not prepared for the descent of thousands of tourists.

    In context

    The sudden descent of the enemy troops upon the coastal fort caught the garrison entirely by surprise.

The flight crew put on their oxygen masks, declared an emergency and began an immediate descent.

The Guardian· 14 Aug 2026

But the engine vibrations then increased and the crew heard a loud bang, prompting them to declare an emergency and begin their descent.

BBC News· 13 Aug 2026

From Middle English and Anglo-Norman descente, from Anglo-Norman descendre (“to descend”); see descend. Compare ascent, ascend. Doublet of desant.

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin xno descendre
Level C1 · Advanced
Frequency Frequent
Updated