undergo
v.-
1 to experience a process or change (v.) B2 Upper Intermediate Academicto experience a change or a process that takes time.
to experience or be subjected to a process, transformation, or period of development. Transitive — always requires a direct object.
ExampleThe old train station will undergo a major renovation next year to modernize the platforms.
ExampleThe company is currently undergoing a massive restructuring process in an attempt to improve efficiency and reduce overhead costs.
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2 to have medical treatment (v.) B2 Upper Intermediate Medicineto have a medical operation or a series of tests.
to be subjected to a medical procedure, surgery, or diagnostic testing.
ExampleHe had to undergo several tests at the hospital before the doctors could find the problem.
ExampleThe patient will undergo surgery tomorrow morning to repair the damaged ligament in her knee.
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3 to endure something difficult (v.) C1 Advanced Formalto go through a difficult or painful experience.
to endure or suffer through a challenging, unpleasant, or painful experience. Often carries a more formal tone than 'go through'.
ExampleThe explorers had to undergo many hardships during their long journey across the desert.
ExamplePrisoners of war often undergo extreme psychological stress that can lead to long-term trauma if not addressed immediately upon their release.
From Middle English undergon, from Old English undergān (“to undergo, undermine, ruin”), equivalent to under- + go. Cognate with Dutch ondergaan (“to undergo, perish, sink”), German untergehen (“to perish, sink, undergo”), Swedish undergå (“to undergo, go through”).