English Reference
verb

undergo

v.
US /ˌəndɝˈɡoʊ/ UK /ˌʌndəɡˈəʊ/ un·der·go UK spelling undergoes, undergoing

infinitive undergo past underwent past participle undergone

  1. 01 B2 Upper Intermediate Academic

    to experience a change or a process that takes time.

    to experience or be subjected to a process, transformation, or period of development. Transitive — always requires a direct object.

    Simple

    The old train station will undergo a major renovation next year to modernize the platforms.

    In context

    The company is currently undergoing a massive restructuring process in an attempt to improve efficiency and reduce overhead costs.

  2. 02 B2 Upper Intermediate Medicine

    to have a medical operation or a series of tests.

    to be subjected to a medical procedure, surgery, or diagnostic testing.

    Simple

    He had to undergo several tests at the hospital before the doctors could find the problem.

    In context

    The patient will undergo surgery tomorrow morning to repair the damaged ligament in her knee.

  3. 03 C1 Advanced Formal

    to go through a difficult or painful experience.

    to endure or suffer through a challenging, unpleasant, or painful experience. Often carries a more formal tone than 'go through'.

    Simple

    The explorers had to undergo many hardships during their long journey across the desert.

    In context

    Prisoners of war often undergo extreme psychological stress that can lead to long-term trauma if not addressed immediately upon their release.

Usage undergoing medical · undergo change · undergo development

The former police officer was undergoing treatment for colon cancer.

BBC News· 24 Aug 2026

But in an ideal world, all three of Rogers, Konsa and Tielemans would not have gone in the same summer; to undergo this much change at once is an enormous risk.

The Guardian· 22 Aug 2026

From Middle English undergon, from Old English undergān (“to undergo, undermine, ruin”), equivalent to under- + go. Cognate with Dutch ondergaan (“to undergo, perish, sink”), German untergehen (“to perish, sink, undergo”), Swedish undergå (“to undergo, go through”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

This entry
Origin Old English undergān
Level B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency Frequent
Updated