English Reference

Phrasal verb

sum up

Definitions

01to summarize

B2

phr.v. to give a short description of the main facts or ideas of something.

phr.v. to present the main points or essence of a matter in a concise form. Often used to conclude a speech, essay, or meeting.

“To sum up, we need to reduce our spending and find new customers.”

“The chairman's closing remarks served to sum up the diverse perspectives shared during the three-day symposium on urban planning.”

Antonyms

02to calculate a total

B2 · Math

phr.v. to add up different amounts to find the total.

phr.v. to calculate the total of a series of numbers or quantities. Transitive when an object is present, though often used with 'everything' or 'it all'.

“The accountant will sum up the expenses at the end of the month.”

“After the auction concluded, the clerk had to sum up the final bids to determine the total revenue generated for the charity.”

Synonyms

Teaching tip

contrast with 'summarize' (more formal) and 'recap' (more casual/spoken); 'sum up' is versatile and works well in both academic writing and business meetings.

Phrasal verb

Particles

up

Separability

optional

Pattern

sum (+ object) + up (+ object)

Synonyms

Antonyms

elaborateexpand ondetail

Word family

sumNounsum upPhrasal verb

Grammar

This entry

Level
B2 · Upper Intermediate
Frequency
Common
Updated

Scan code

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English Reference