Word
additional
Phoneticsad·di·tion·al, stress on the second syllable
US/əˈdɪʃənəɫ/
UK/ɐdˈɪʃənəl/
Definitions
01extra or supplemental
B1 · Intermediate
adj. extra or added to what is already there.
adj. supplemental to an existing amount, number, or set. Usually functions as an attributive adjective before the noun.
日本語:エクストラ※
“The hotel charged an additional fee for using the gym facilities.”
“The researchers requested additional funding to extend the study for another six months, citing the need for a larger sample size.”
Usage
Commonly used in formal and professional contexts to describe costs, information, or requirements.
Pitfall
I need an additional of time.
I need additional time.
When used as an adjective, 'additional' must describe a noun directly. Do not use it with 'of' like a noun phrase.
Synonyms
02something added
C1 · Advanced Countable noun Formal
n. a person or thing that is added to a group.
n. an entity or item that is added to an existing collection or group.
“The new team member is a great additional to our office.”
“The archive received several rare manuscripts as additionals to the permanent collection this year.”
Teaching tip
In modern English, the noun form is rare; 'addition' is almost always preferred by native speakers.
Synonyms
Collocations
Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “additional” in context.
Adjective
01. additional advantage
“The new software offers the additional advantage of being compatible with older systems.”
adj + noun
02. additional analysis
“We need to perform additional analysis before we can confirm the results of the experiment.”
adj + noun
03. additional assumption
“The theory relies on an additional assumption that the market remains stable.”
adj + noun
04. additional benefit
“Regular exercise provides the additional benefit of improving your sleep quality.”
adj + noun
05. additional burden
“The new tax regulations will place an additional burden on small business owners.”
adj + noun
06. additional challenge
“Working from home presented an additional challenge for parents with young children.”
adj + noun
07. additional component
“You will need to purchase an additional component to connect the device to your TV.”
adj + noun
08. additional constraint
“The tight deadline acted as an additional constraint on the creative process.”
adj + noun
09. additional cost
“Shipping is included in the price, so there is no additional cost to the customer.”
adj + noun
10. additional criterion
“Work experience was added as an additional criterion for the scholarship application.”
adj + noun
11. additional data
“The researchers are currently collecting additional data to support their hypothesis.”
adj + noun
12. additional element
“The surprise ending adds an additional element of excitement to the movie.”
adj + noun
Real-World Examples
“The US state department said it was aware of the reports but said it had no additional information.” “The process allows firms to apply for additional funds for projects that were not known about at the time of the last review.” “Visitors staying in Edinburgh this year will also have to pay the city's new tourist tax - an additional 5% on top of their original booking cost for the first five nights.” “Instead of making her job easier, she says it created additional responsibilities.” Etymology
From addition + -al.
Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.
Word family
VERB
ADJECTIVE
- Exam level
- CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B2 FirstIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.5.5–6.5TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 4.0–4.572–94TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.785–944
- Frequency
- Very common
- Level
- B2 · Upper IntermediateOxford
- Updated
- アルファベット
- 読み方の一覧 →
QR code
englishreference.com/q/additional
※ 機械で選んだ訳語です。ネイティブスピーカーによる確認はまだです。
「日本語」 data: JMdict (EDRDG), CC BY-SA 4.0