English Reference

Word

bite

US/ˈbaɪt/

UK/bˈaɪt/

Irregular verb

Forms

Infinitive

bite

Past

bit

Past participle

bitten

Definitions

01to use teeth

A2 · Elementary

v. to use your teeth to cut into or through something.

v. to use the teeth to cut into, grip, or seize something.

“Be careful because that dog might bite if you get too close.”

“The toddler accidentally bit his tongue while trying to chew a particularly tough piece of steak.”

Pitfall

The dog has bited the postman.

The dog has bitten the postman.

Bite is an irregular verb: bite, bit, bitten.

Synonyms

chewgnawnip

02to have an effect

B2 · Upper Intermediate

v. to start to have a strong or unpleasant effect.

v. to take effect or begin to have a significant, often deleterious, impact.

“The higher prices are starting to bite, and people are buying less.”

“As the winter temperatures dropped, the fuel shortages began to bite, forcing many families to ration their heating.”

Usage

Often used in economic or social contexts.

Synonyms

take holdimpact

03to be bad

B2 · Upper Intermediate Informal · Slang

v. to be very bad, annoying, or disappointing.

v. to be extremely unpleasant or of very poor quality.

“It really bites that we have to work on a Saturday.”

“The fact that the concert was cancelled after we drove three hours to get there really bites.”

Usage

Used as a stative verb in this sense.

Teaching tip

This is very common in casual spoken English but should be avoided in professional writing.

Synonyms

Antonyms

04a small amount of food

A2 · Elementary Countable noun

n. a small amount of food that you eat quickly.

n. a small amount of food; a snack or a single mouthful produced by biting.

“We should grab a quick bite before the movie starts.”

“After the long hike, even a small bite of a protein bar felt like a luxury.”

Usage

Commonly used in the phrase 'a bite to eat'.

Antonyms

05an insect sting or wound

A2 · Elementary Countable noun Medicine

n. a mark or injury on your skin made by an insect or animal.

n. a wound, puncture, or skin irritation resulting from the teeth or mouthparts of an animal or insect.

“I have a red mosquito bite on my arm that is very itchy.”

“The doctor examined the snake bite carefully to determine if the species was venomous.”

06a sharp quality

B2 · Upper Intermediate Uncountable noun

n. a sharp or strong feeling, taste, or quality.

n. a sharp, pungent, or incisive quality; often refers to cold weather or spicy food.

“There is a real bite in the air this morning, so wear a coat.”

“The critic's review had a certain bite to it, exposing the flaws in the director's logic with clinical precision.”

Synonyms

sharpnessedgepungency

Antonyms

mildness

Collocations

Common phrases and expressions where native English speakers use the word “bite” in context.

Verb

01. bite deep

“The cold wind bit deep into his bones as he walked home.”

verb + adv

02. bite hard

“The economic recession is starting to bite hard in rural areas.”

verb + adv

Noun

03. bite into apple

“She took a deep breath and bit into the crisp red apple.”

verb + prep + noun

04. bite lip

“He bit his lip to stop himself from crying out in pain.”

verb + noun

05. bite nail

“She has a nervous habit of biting her nails during exams.”

verb + noun

06. bite of food

“He was too nervous to bite even a small piece of food.”

verb + prep + noun

07. bite tongue

“I had to bite my tongue to keep from arguing with the boss.”

verb + noun

08. bite off more than one can chew

“By taking on three jobs, he bit off more than he could chew.”

09. bite someone's head off

“I only asked a question; there's no need to bite my head off!”

10. bite the bullet

“I decided to bite the bullet and finally go to the dentist.”

11. bite the dust

“Another small business bit the dust during the financial crisis.”

Etymology

From Middle English biten, from Old English bītan (“bite”), from Proto-West Germanic bītan, from Proto-Germanic bītaną (“bite”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyd- (“split”). Cognates include Saterland Frisian biete (“bite”), West Frisian bite (“bite”), Dutch bijten (“bite”), German Low German bieten (“bite”), German beißen, beissen (“bite”), Danish bide (“bite”), Swedish bita (“bite”), Norwegian Bokmål bite (“bite”), Norwegian Nynorsk bita (“bite”), Icelandic bíta (“bite”), Gothic 𐌱𐌴𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (beitan, “bite”), Latin findō (“split”), Ancient Greek φείδομαι (pheídomai), Sanskrit भिद् (bhid, “break”).

Etymology adapted from Wiktionary, available under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Word family

VERB

bite(B1)

Related words

Idioms

Domains

PrintingTelevision

This entry

Exam level
CambridgeCambridgeCambridge English QualificationsThe exam suite from Cambridge University Press & Assessment, from A1 Movers up to C2 Proficiency. The benchmark names double as CEFR labels.B1 PreliminaryIELTSIELTSInternational English Language Testing SystemThe 0–9 band test co-owned by the British Council, IDP, and Cambridge. Used for university entry, work, and migration.4.0–5.0TOEFL iBTTOEFL iBTTest of English as a Foreign Language, Internet-Based TestETS's academic English test, the standard route for US university admissions. Scored 0–120, with a 1–6 scale since 2026.1–6 scale: 3.0–3.544–71TOEICTOEICTest of English for International CommunicationETS's workplace English test, big in Japan and Korea. Listening & Reading scores 10–990 and tops out at C1.550–784
Frequency
Common
Level
B1 · IntermediateOxford
Updated

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English Reference